{"id":96,"date":"2009-01-21T23:42:18","date_gmt":"2009-01-21T22:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpethzprd.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/?page_id=96"},"modified":"2026-03-24T20:45:00","modified_gmt":"2026-03-24T19:45:00","slug":"anthocopa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/palaearctic-species\/hoplitis\/anthocopa\/","title":{"rendered":"Subgenus Anthocopa"},"content":{"rendered":"

The subgenus Anthocopa<\/em> Lepeletier & Serville occurs in the Palaearctic and Afrotropical region, marginally also in the Oriental region (Michener, 2007; Ungricht et al., 2008). Worldwide, there are 96 described species, 75 of which occur in the Palaearctic.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Female of Hoplitis (Anthocopa) dalmatica<\/em> (Morawitz, 1871) biting off a petal of Geranium pyrenaicum <\/em>(left); brood cell of H. dalmatica<\/em> in a rock fissure consisting of an outer layer of roughly chewed leaves and an inner layer of petals (right). Fotos A. M\u00fcller.<\/span><\/h5>\n

Species accounts<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) alatauensis <\/em>(Tkalcu, 1992)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1992 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) alatauensis <\/strong><\/em>Tkalcu, Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae (Praha), 56: 211. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Alma Ata-Medeo, 1700 m Zailijkij Alatau Mts.” [Kazakhstan], Tyrner Collection (Litvinov).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> KS, KZ<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) alba <\/em>(Zanden, 1994)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1994 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) alba<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 26: 1117. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Foum Zguid, 60 km N.” [Morocco], Schwarz Collection (Ansfelden); paratypes m, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1994b: 1119).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in the soil. Nesting material:<\/strong> Unknown.(Thomas Wood, personal communication)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown. The only pollen sample available so far consists of pollen of Asteraceae (Asteroideae, Cichorioideae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).
<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) albiscopa <\/em>(Friese, 1899)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1899 Osmia<\/em> lativentris<\/em> albiscopa<\/em><\/strong> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 27. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of D.S. Peters (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished), \u201eTunis\u201c [Tunisia], ZMHB (Berlin).-Synonymy with Hoplitis pulchella<\/em>(P\u00e9rez, 1895) in Zanden (1988b: 118), rejected by A. M\u00fcller (unpublished).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E, P. <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA, TN<\/span>. <\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>The only nest found so far was in a 3cm long and vertical burrow in the ground, which was either excavated by the female bee herself or by a an aculeate wasp. It contained 3 linearly arranged cells. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells were entirely constructed from several layers of pink and blue petal pieces. The partitions between adjacent cells were made of a thin wall of mud. (C. Sedivy, C. Praz and A. M\u00fcller, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources include Asteraceae (Cichorioideae, Carduoideae, Asteroideae), Convolvulaceae, Papaveraceae, Ranunculaceae, Brassicaceae, Campanulaceae, Linum<\/em> (Linaceae) and Echium<\/em> (Boraginaceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 10 pollen samples from 7 different localities and the pollen content of 2 brood cells of the same nest).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) antigae <\/em>(P\u00e9rez, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia Antigae<\/strong><\/em> P\u00e9rez, Esp\u00e8ces nouvelles de mellif\u00e8res de Barbarie, p. 13. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “Barcelona” [Spain], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) antigae<\/em> (P\u00e9rez) in Zanden (1988b: 117).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E<\/span>, F, <\/em>P. <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA, TN.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Benoist (1931).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Polylectic; pollen sources include Asteraceae (Carduoideae), Campanulaceae, Cistaceae, Convolvulaceae and Echium<\/em> (Boraginaceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 3 pollen samples from 3 different localities).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>antigae <\/strong><\/em>(P\u00e9rez, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E<\/span>, P?.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

– <\/em>subspecies <\/span>laevior <\/strong><\/em>(Benoist, 1926)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1926 Osmia antigae laevior<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 95: 210. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “aux environs de Nemours (S.-et-M.)” [France, but see Zanden (1988a: 62)], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) antigae laevior<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1988b: 117).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E, F<\/span>, <\/em>P?.<\/em> Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA, TN.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) askhabadensis <\/em>(Radoszkowski, 1886)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1886 Pseudosmia askhabadensis<\/strong><\/em> Radoszkowski, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 20: 14. Type material<\/span>: f(f), “Ashkhabad” [Turkmenistan].-Combination Osmia askhabadensis<\/em> (Radoszkowski) in Dalla Torre (1896: 385). Combination Hoplitis (Pseudosmia) askhabadensis<\/em> (Radoszkowski) in Zanden (1988b: 119).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>TM<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) ayardi <\/em>(Benoist, 1928)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1928 Osmia Ayardi<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc (Rabat), 8: 213. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1985: 53), “A\u00efn Leuh, pr\u00e8s d’Azrou” [Morocco], MNHN (Paris); paralectotype m.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) ayardi<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 53).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1985: 53).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) barbigera <\/em>(Benoist, 1950)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1950 Osmia barbigera<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc (Rabat), 30: 187. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Tafraout” [Morocco], MZLS (Lausanne).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) barbigera<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 68).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1985: 68). Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) batyamae <\/em>(Zanden, 1986)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1986 Anthocopa wahrmani batyamae<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Reichenbachia (Dresden), 24: 72. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Bat Yam” [Israel], RMNH (Leiden); paratypes ff.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) batyamae<\/em> Zanden in Zanden (1998b: 529).<\/p>\n

1998 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) maroccana<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 30: 526. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Erfoud” [Morocco], RMNH (Leiden).-New synonymy based on the male holotype (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Distribution- Europe: <\/strong>E, P. Northern Africa:<\/strong> DZ, ET, MA, TN. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL<\/span>, IR, OM, SA, UAE, Y.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated vertical burrow (ca. 4cm deep) in horizontal, hard-packed sandy soil with two linearly arranged cells at its end. Nesting material:<\/strong> The two cells, which were separated by a thin earthen layer, were entirely built from the yellow petals of Campanula sulphurea.<\/em> (C. Praz and C. Sedivy, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic with a probable preference for Asteraceae (Asteroideae, Carduoideae, Cichorioideae); additional pollen sources include Brassicaceae, Resedaceae and Convolvulaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 4 pollen samples from 3 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) bifoveolata <\/em>(Alfken, 1935)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1935 Osmia (Lithosmia)<\/em> bifoveolata<\/em><\/strong> Alfken, Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen aus dem Deutschen Kolonial- und \u00dcbersee-Museum in Bremen, 1: 190. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1989: 74), “Wadi el Kelt” [Israel], ZMHB (Berlin); paralectotype f [= Hoplitis anipuncta<\/em> (Alfken), see Zanden (1988b: 117, 1989: 74].-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) bifoveolata<\/em> (Alfken) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL<\/span>, JOR, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1989: 74).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown. The only pollen sample available so far consists of pollen of Asteroideae and Cichorioideae (Asteraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) bubulca <\/em><\/strong>(Zanden, 1994)<\/span><\/h3>\n

1994 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) bubulca<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 26: 1119. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “60 km N Foum Zguid” [Morocco], Schwarz Collection (Ansfelden); paratypes m, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>, TN.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) clypeoincisa <\/em>M\u00fcller, 2022<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2022 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) clypeoincisa<\/strong><\/em> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 5188: 235. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “40 km S Guercif” [Morocco], ETH (Zurich).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note:<\/strong> Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) conosimilis <\/em>Zanden, 1992<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1992 Hoplitis (Hoplitis) conosimilis<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Reichenbachia (Dresden), 29: 68. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Chichaoua (500 m)” [Morocco], RMNH (Leiden); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>, TN.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Misapplication:<\/strong> Female description in Zanden (1992) refers to Hoplitis (Hoplitis) benoisti <\/em>(Alfken, 1935) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) cristatula <\/em>(Zanden, 1990)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1846 Megachile<\/em> cristata<\/em><\/strong> Fonscolombe, Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, ser. 2, 4: 46. NOMEN PRAEOCCUPATUM [not Megachile cristata <\/em>Dufour, 1841]. Type material<\/span>: f(f), “environs d’Aix” [France]. Type species<\/span> of Pseudosmia<\/em> Radoszkowski.-Combination Pseudosmia cristata<\/em> (Fonscolombe) in Radoszkowski (1874c: 155). Combination Osmia cristata<\/em> (Fonscolombe) in P\u00e9rez (1879: 192). Combination Osmia (Furcosmia) cristata<\/em> (Fonscolombe) in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 22 [888]). Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) cristata<\/em> (Fonscolombe) in Zanden (1988b: 118). Combination Hoplitis (Hoplitis) cristata <\/em>(Fonscolombe) in Wu (2006: 111).<\/p>\n

1990 Anthocopa cristatula<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Reichenbachia (Dresden), 28: 51. NOMEN NOVUM with same type specimen for preoccupied Megachile cristata<\/em> Fonscolombe, 1846 [not Megachile cristata <\/em>Dufour, 1841].-Combination Anthocopa (Pseudosmia) cristatula<\/em> Zanden in Zanden (1990: 51).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E, F<\/span>, F(Co), I, I(Si), P. <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA, TN.<\/em> Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC. <\/em>Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> TK; IL<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Ferton (1895: 205-206); Radoszkowski (1874c: 155); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Wu (2006).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows (2-6cm deep) in horizontal or vertical hard soil with 1-3 linearly arranged cells. The females sometimes also use preexisting insect burrows in the ground. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells are entirely built of two to three layers of petals mainly of Malva, Althaea<\/em> and Lavathera<\/em>, occasionally also of Ononis. <\/em>The partitions between adjacent cells and between the last cell and the nest plug are three-layered: a layer of mud and small pebbles between two walls made of chewed petals; these partitions sometimes also consist of masticated petals intermixed with mud and small pebbles. The nest burrow is closed immediately below the soil surface by a wall built in the same way as the cell partitions, sometimes however larger pieces of petals are used than for the cell partitions; this wall is eventually hidden below earth crumbs. The space between the last cell partition and the nest plug is loosely filled with crumpled petals. (Benoist; 1931; Ferton, 1892, 1897; Grandi, 1961; G. Le Goff, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Malvaceae (Ferton, 1892).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) daurica <\/em>(Radoszkowski, 1887)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1887 Osmia Daurica<\/strong><\/em> Radoszkowski, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 21: 284. Type material<\/span>: f(f), “C\u00f2t\u00e9 orientale du lac Baical” [Russia].-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) daurica<\/em> (Radoszkowski) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>RUS<\/u>(ES).<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) diabolica <\/em>(Benoist, 1934)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1934 Osmia diabolica<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 39: 159. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Alger, Maison Carr\u00e9e” [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) diabolica<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 66).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1985: 66). Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) ferianaensis <\/em>(Zanden, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) ferianaensis<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Reichenbachia (Dresden), 28: 163. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “25 km S. Feriana, Mejen Bel, Abb\u00e8s” [Tunisia], ZMUC (Copenhagen); paratypes mm.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>TN<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown. The only 2 pollen samples available so far (from the same locality) consist of pollen of Brassicaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) furcula <\/em>(Morawitz, 1875)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia furcula<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 93. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1986: 70), “Tschardara” [Kazakhstan], ZIN (St. Petersburg); paralectotypes mm, ff.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) furcula<\/em> (Morawitz) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM?, GR?, GR(Cr)?. Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ<\/span>. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR?.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Stanek (1969a: 31-32); Zanden (1986: 70-72).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated short burrow in the ground with one cell (of 1cm length) at the end at a depth of 2cm. Nesting material:<\/strong> The cells are entirely built of 7-8 layers of petals of Geranium<\/em>. The burrow leading to the cell is partly lined with 2-3 layers of Geranium<\/em> petals. (Marikovskaya, 1995)
<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) <\/em><\/strong>glasunovi <\/em>(Morawitz, 1894)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1894 Osmia Glasunovi<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 28: 29. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “Varsaut” [Tajikistan], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) glasunovi<\/em> (Morawitz) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>TJ<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) ilamana <\/em>(Zanden, 1994)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1994 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) ilamana<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 26: 1118. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Mt Ilamane, 2200 m” [Algeria], Schwarz Collection (Ansfelden); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>, MA, <\/em>TN.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1994b: 1117).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) jakovlevi <\/em>(Radoszkowski, 1874)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1874 Pseudosmia Jakovlevi<\/strong><\/em> Radoszkowski, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Imp\u00e9riale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 48: 155. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1996b: 885), “Astrakhan” [Russia], ISZP (Krakow); paralectotype f.-Combination Osmia jakovlevi<\/em> (Radoszkowski) in Dalla Torre (1896: 398). Combination Hoplitis (Pseudosmia) jakovlevi <\/em>(Radoszkowski) in Zanden (1988b: 119). Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) jakovlevi<\/em> (Radoszkowski) in Zanden (1996b: 885).<\/p>\n

1875 Osmia<\/em> serrilabris<\/em><\/strong> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 91. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1996b: 885), “prope Kuldscham” [Turkestan], ZMUM (Moscow).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) serrilabris<\/em> (Morawitz) in Zanden (1988b: 118).-Synonymy in Zanden (1996b: 885).<\/p>\n

1879 Osmia<\/em> quadridentata<\/em><\/strong> Fonscolombe, in: P\u00e9rez, Actes de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Linn\u00e9enne de Bordeaux, 33: 191. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1996b: 885), “Marseille” [France], MNHN (Paris); paralectotypes ff.-Combination Anthocopa serrilabris quadridentata<\/em> (Fonscolombe) in Zanden (1988b: 115).-Synonymy in Zanden (1996b: 885).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM, AZ, E, F, I, I(Si), P, RUS<\/u>(CR,SR),<\/span> <\/em>UA(Crimea). Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, TN. Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC, KS, KZ, TJ, TM. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IR,TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); Morawitz (1895: 21-22); Radoszkowski (1886: 14); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Stanek (1968: 386-387).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated short burrows in horizontal or vertical hard soil with 1-2 linearly arranged cells at the end. The females sometimes also use preexisting insect burrows in the ground, e.g. burrows of cicad larvae. Nesting material:<\/strong> The cells are entirely built of petals of Althaea. <\/em>The petals used to line the nest burrow in the beginning are used in the end to close the cell. In long preexisting insect burrows, a basal plug is constructed consisting of Althaea<\/em> petals. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Gutbier, 1915; G. Le Goff, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Probably oligolectic on Malvaceae (Popov, 1967a, A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 4 pollen samples from 3 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) lamina <\/em>(P\u00e9rez, 1896)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1896 Osmia lamina<\/strong><\/em> P\u00e9rez, Esp\u00e8ces nouvelles de mellif\u00e8res de Barbarie, p. 15. Type material<\/span>: m(m), [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).<\/p>\n

1928 Osmia<\/em> triloba <\/em><\/strong>Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc (Rabat), 8: 214. Type material<\/span>: m(m), “Grand Atlas, au sud de Marrakech: Asni, 1100 m” [Morocco], MNHN (Paris).-Synonymy in Benoist (1929e: 121).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa:<\/strong> <\/em>DZ<\/span>, MA.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Reared from Rubus<\/em> stems. Nesting material: <\/strong>Unknown. (Alfken, 1914, who admits that species identity is uncertain)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown. Flower records: Scabiosa<\/em> (Alfken, 1914, who admits that species identity is uncertain).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) longispina <\/em>(P\u00e9rez, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia longispina<\/strong><\/em> P\u00e9rez, Esp\u00e8ces nouvelles de mellif\u00e8res de Barbarie, p. 14. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1988a: 57), “Mascara” [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) longispina<\/em> (P\u00e9rez) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

1899 Osmia<\/em> gigas<\/em><\/strong> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 62. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Algerien” [Algeria], ZMHB (Berlin).-Synonymy in Zanden (1988a: 57).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>, MA, TN.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Alfken (1914: 200); Ducke (1900).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated burrows in hard, sometimes vertical soil. The entrance burrow ramifies after 1cm in 2-4 very short branches each containing one cell. Nesting material:<\/strong> The cells are entirely built from petals. The nest plug consists of mud intermixed with large grains of sand or other small particles. (Buysson, 1899; Cros, 1932)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Asteraceae (Carduoideae, Cichorioideae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 4 pollen samples from 3 localities).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>longispina <\/strong><\/em>(P\u00e9rez, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>, <\/em>MA.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>vogti <\/strong><\/em>(Friese, 1911)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1911 Osmia vogti<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Archiv f\u00fcr Naturgeschichte, 77: 137. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “Tunis” [Tunisia], ZMHB (Berlin).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) longispina<\/em> vogti<\/em> (Friese) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>TN<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) manuelae<\/em> M\u00fcller, 2012<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2012 Hoplitis <\/em>manuelae<\/em><\/strong> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 3355: 48. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201e20km N of Almeria\u201c [Spain], ETHZ (Zurich); paratype m.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> E<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>\u00c1lvarez Fidalgo & Pascual Hergueta (2024).<\/span><\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated burrows in the ground. Nesting material: <\/strong>Unknown. (\u00c1lvarez Fidalgo & Pascual Hergueta, 2024)<\/span><\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Probably oligolectic on Frankenia<\/em> (Frankeniaceae) (\u00c1lvarez Fidalgo & Pascual Hergueta, 2024).<\/span><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) mocsaryi <\/em>(Friese, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia mocsaryi<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 21: 133. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m, f, “Budapest, Ofener Gebirge” [Hungary].-Combination Anthocopa (Arctosmia) mocsaryi<\/em> (Friese) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

2006 Osmia linophila<\/strong><\/em> Westrich, Entomofauna (Ansfelden), 27: 297. NOMEN NOVUM with same type specimen for preoccupied Osmia mocsaryi<\/em> Friese, 1895 [not Chelostoma mocsaryi<\/em> Schletterer, 1889].<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, ARM, AZ, CZ, E, F, GR, H<\/span>, RO, RUS(CR,SR), SK, UA, UA(Crimea). <\/em>Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> <\/em>IL, IR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong>Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Mavromoustakis (1938: 467, 1949: 295-296); Medvedeva (1978); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Scheuchl (1996).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated burrows in the ground (ca. 5cm deep) with up to four ramifications containing 1-2 cells each. Nesting material:<\/strong> The cells are entirely built of several layers of petals exclusively from Linum. The burrows are lined with <\/span>Linum petals as well. Sometimes a thin wall of mud is built between adjacent cells. The nest entrances are not closed by a nest plug, but remain open. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Levchenko, 2023; Westrich, 1989; A. M\u00fcller, personal observation)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Linum<\/em> (Linaceae); one pollen sample contains a mixture of pollen of Linum<\/em> and Carduoideae (Asteraceae), possibly indicating a certain flexibility in the pollen host choice (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Westrich, 1989; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 6 pollen samples from 4 different localities, on the pollen composition of 13 brood cells from 2 different localities and on field observations). Flower records: Linum lanuginosum<\/em> (Fateryga, 2017).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) nasoincisa <\/em>(Ferton, 1914)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1914 Osmia nasoincisa<\/strong><\/em> Ferton, Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 83: 83. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1988a: 60), “Dellys” [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) nasoincisa<\/em> (Ferton) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1988a: 60). Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) nevadensis <\/em>M\u00fcller & Wood, 2025<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2025 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) nevadensis<\/strong><\/em> M\u00fcller & Wood, Zootaxa, 5631: 87. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eGranada: Sierra Nevada, Jardin Botanico, Hoya Pedraza, 1900 m\u201c [Spain], ETH (Zurich); paratypes ff, mm.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) nicolaei<\/em> M\u00fcller, 2012<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2012 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) <\/em>nicolaei<\/em><\/strong> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 3355: 42. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eMt. Parnonas, Aghriani, 1000m\u201c [Greece], ETHZ (Zurich); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> BG, GR<\/span>. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IRQ, JOR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Polylectic; pollen sources known so far include Convolvulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Asteraceae (Carduoideae, Cichorioideae), Linaceae and Lamiaceae (M\u00fcller, 2012a).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) papaveris <\/em>(Latreille, 1799)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1799 Apis papaveris<\/strong><\/em> Latreille, Bulletin des Sciences par la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Philomathique, II, no. 29: 33 [not seen]. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), [France]. Type species<\/span> of Anthocopa<\/em> Lepeletier & Serville, Furcosmia<\/em> Schmiedeknecht and Phyllotoma<\/em> Dum\u00e9ril.-Combination Osmia papaveris<\/em> (Latreille) in Spinola (1808: 201). Combination Phyllotoma papaveris<\/em> (Latreille) in Dum\u00e9ril (1860: 844). Combination Osmia (Furcosmia) papaveris<\/em> (Latreille) in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 22 [888]). Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) papaveris<\/em> (Latreille) in Tkalcu (1969a: 330).<\/p>\n

1841 Osmia<\/em> hyalinipennis<\/em><\/strong> Lepeletier, Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, Hym\u00e9nopt\u00e8res, vol. 2, p. 329 [not seen]. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1974b: 329), “Environs de Paris” [France], MNHN (Paris).-Synonymy in Benoist (1931: 44).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, AL, B, BG, CH, CZ, D, E, F<\/span>, GR, GR(Aegean Islands), H, I, I(Sa), I(Si), L, MD, NL, P, PL, RO, RUS(CR,SR), SCG, SK, UA; Caucasus. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ, RC, RUS(ES). <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al. (2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Radoszkowski (1887a: 291); Scheuchl (1996); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Tkalcu (1969a: 330-332, 1979: 318); Wu (2006); Zanden (1983: 130, 1985: 68).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated burrows in hard or sometimes sandy ground (generally 3-8cm, sometimes 10-15cm deep) with generally only one cell (occasionally two to several cells) at the end of the burrow. The nests are usually excavated in horizontal ground, occasionally also in vertical scarps. The females sometimes also use preexisting cavities, e.g. holes in stones and abandoned cells and burrows of the own species or of Anthophora<\/em>. Nests sometimes in huge colonies. Nesting material:<\/strong> The cells are entirely built of several layers of petals of Papaver<\/em> (rarely also of Althaea, <\/em>Centaurea, Malva, Genista,<\/em> Helianthemum <\/em>or Hypericum<\/em>). The nest burrow is lined with large pieces of petals, which are eventually used to close the cell. Directly after this first cell closure, a 3mm thick mud plug is built and\/or the entrance burrow is filled with sand. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Dum\u00e9ril, 1860; Ferton, 1902, 1908; Friese, 1923; G\u00fcnter, 1997; M\u00fcller et al., 1997; Pashina, 1948, 1971; Schmiedeknecht, 1885-1886; Stoeckhert, 1933; Weber, 2007; Westrich, 1990, 1991)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic, the pollen sources include Asteraceae, Campanulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Cistaceae, Convolvulaceae, Papaver<\/em> (Papaveraceae), Echium<\/em> (Boraginaceae) and Melilotus<\/em> (Fabaceae) (Amiet et al., 2004; Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Pashina, 1948, 1971; Westrich, 1989; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 2 pollen samples from 2 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) peniculifera<\/em> M\u00fcller, 2012<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2012 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) <\/em>peniculifera<\/em><\/strong> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 3355: 43. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eMurcia, Pto. De Jumilla, 800m\u201c [Spain], ETHZ (Zurich); paratypes m, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> E<\/span>. Northern Africa:<\/strong> MA, TN.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown; the only pollen sample analyzed so far contained pollen of Cistaceae (M\u00fcller, 2012a).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) perezi <\/em>(Ferton, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia Perezi<\/strong><\/em> Ferton, Actes de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Linn\u00e9enne de Bordeaux, 47: 205. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1969a: 330), “Miramas” [France], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) perezi<\/em> (Ferton) in Tkalcu (1969a: 330).<\/p>\n

1899 Osmia<\/em> papaveris convolvuli<\/strong><\/em> Ducke, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 214. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes mm, ff, “Triest” [Italy], “Sicilien” [Italy: Sicily], “Fiume” [Croatia], “Spanien” [Spain].-Synonymy in Tkalcu (1969a: 330).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM, AZ, BG, E, F<\/span>, F(Co), GR, GR(Aegean Islands), HR, I, I(Sa), I(Si), MK, P, RUS(SR), SCG, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea). <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA.Northern Asia:<\/strong> KS, KZ, TJ, TM, UZ. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>AFG, IL, IR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Tkalcu (1969a: 330-332).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in hard and generally horizontal soil (ca. 2-3cm deep) with 1-3 linearly arranged cells; rarely also in abandoned nesting burrows or within entrance turrets of other soil-nesting aculeates (e.g. Tropidodynerus interruptus, Paragymnomerus signaticollis<\/em>). Nesting material:<\/strong> The cells are entirely built of several layers of petals of Convolvulu<\/em>s (occasionally Papaver<\/em>), e.g. C. cantabrica<\/em>. Petals of Convolvulus<\/em> are also used to build partitions between adjacent cells and to line the entrance burrow. The nest entrance is filled with sand in the end. (Benoist, 1931; Ferton, 1894, 1895, 1897, 1901, 1908; Ducke, 1900; Fateryga et al., 2024; A. M\u00fcller, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Convolvulaceae (Ducke, 1900; Ferton, 1897; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 17 pollen samples from 15 different localities and on field observations).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) picicornis <\/em>(Morawitz, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia picicornis<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 29: 22. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “bei Tedshen” [Turkmenistan], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) picicornis<\/em> (Morawitz) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> KS, KZ, TJ, TM<\/span>. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>AFG, IR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown. 2 pollen samples from 2 different localities are composed of pollen of Asteroideae (Asteraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) <\/i>prazi<\/i> <\/i>M\u00fcller, 2022<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2022 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) prazi<\/strong>,<\/i> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 5188: 237. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “33 km SW Sidi Ifni, 90m” [Morocco], ETH (Zurich); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA<\/span>, TN. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, JOR, SA.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in soil; the only nest discovered so far consisted of a still open brood cell at the end of a ca. 5cm long and vertical burrow in horizontal, hard-packed sandy soil. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cell was built from pieces of yellow and pink flower petals of unknown origin. (M\u00fcller, 2022b; C. Praz and C. Sedivy, personal communication)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic with strong preference for Asteraceae (Carduoideae, Asteroideae, Cichorioideae); additional pollen hosts include Brassicaceae (M\u00fcller, 2022b).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) pulchella <\/em>(P\u00e9rez, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia pulchella<\/strong><\/em> P\u00e9rez, Esp\u00e8ces nouvelles de mellif\u00e8res de Barbarie, p. 15. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1975a: 181), “K\u00e9rouan” [Tunisia], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) pulchella<\/em> (P\u00e9rez) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

1899 Osmia<\/em> lativentris<\/em><\/strong> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 27. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1989: 76), “Algerien” [Algeria], “Tunis” [Tunisia], ZMHB (Berlin); paralectotype ff.-Synonymy in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E. <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, ET, LAR, MA, TN<\/span>. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>JOR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Zanden (1989: 76).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic with a preference for Asteraceae (Asteroideae and Cichorioideae); additional pollen sources include Brassicaceae and Papaver<\/em> (Papaveraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 21 pollen samples from 9 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) rubricrus <\/em>(Friese, 1899)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1899 Osmia rubricrus<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 25. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of D.S. Peters (Zanden, 1994b: 1115), “Biskra, Oued S’na” [Algeria], ZMHB (Berlin); paralectotype f.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) rubricrus<\/em> (Friese) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>, TN; Sahara.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in sandy soil which is rather caked on the surface after rain. Nesting material: <\/strong><\/span><\/strong>Cells entirely built from pink petals of a tall shrub. (Ducke, 1900; Saunders, 1908)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown. Several males and females were observed to patrol flowering bushes of Limoniastrum guyonianum<\/em> (Plumbaginaceae) in southern Tunisia, indicating that this plant species might be an important or even the only host (A. M\u00fcller, C. Sedivy and C. Praz, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) saundersi <\/em>(Vachal, 1891)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1891 Osmia Saundersi<\/strong><\/em> Vachal, Revue d’Entomologie, Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise d’Entomologie, 1861: 66. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1975a: 180), “Alg\u00e9rie” [Algeria], MNHN (Paris); paralectotype m.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) saundersi<\/em> (Vachal) in Tkalcu (1975a: 180).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E, P. Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>, MA, TN.<\/em> Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>PAK. <\/em>Extralimital: <\/strong>Oriental (India).<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in hard-packed, sandy soil. After 2-3cm the entrance burrow ramifies in 5-6 branches, each containing one single cell or two cells separated 1-2cm from each other at about 6-8cm below soil surface; sometimes the nests contain only one cell at the end of the nest burrow. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells are entirely built of several layers of small to large pieces of sterile flowers of Centaurea <\/em>or of petals of Scabiosa, Convolvulus, Anthemis<\/em> or Cistus. <\/em>(Cros, 1927; Ferton, 1890,1911; A. M\u00fcller, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Carduoideae (Asteraceae) (e.g. Centaurea<\/em>) (Ferton, 1890; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 5 pollen samples from 4 different localities and on field observations).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) saxialis <\/em>(Zanden, 1994)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1994 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) saxialis<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Reichenbachia (Dresden), 30: 167. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Zentral-Kaukasus, Itkol Umgeb. 2100-2300 m” [Russia], MTD (Dresden); paratypes mm, f.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>F, I(Aosta valley), GR(Tymfi, Mt. Olympus), RUS<\/u>(SR); Caucasus. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>RUS(WS). Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IR(Elburz), TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic with a probable preference for Asteraceae (Carduoideae and Cichorioideae); additional pollen sources include Convolvulaceae and Caryophyllaceae<\/span><\/em> (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 10 pollen samples from the same locality).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) sedivyi <\/em>M\u00fcller, 2022<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2022 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) sedivyi<\/strong><\/em> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 5188: 241. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Dra valley, near Agdz” [Morocco], ETH (Zurich); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in soil; the only nest discovered so far was in horizontal, hard-packed soil. Nesting material: <\/strong>Unknown. (M\u00fcller, 2022b)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources include Asteraceae (Carduoideae, Asteroideae), Antirrhineae (Plantaginaceae), Convolvulaceae and Brassicaceae (M\u00fcller, 2022b).<\/span><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) semirubra <\/em>(Friese, 1899)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1899 Osmia semirubra<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 329. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes mm, ff, “Jericho (Jordanthal)” [Palestine], ZMHB (Berlin), OUMNH (Oxford).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) semirubra<\/em> (Friese) in Zanden (1988b: 118). Remark:<\/strong> Hoplitis semirubra<\/em> (Friese, 1899) is a junior homonym of the North American Hoplitis semirubra<\/em> (Cockerell, 1898) (E. Scheuchl, personal communcation).<\/p>\n

1996 Anthocopa (Anthocopa)<\/em> jerichoensis<\/em><\/strong> Zanden, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 28: 888. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Jericho, 200 m, Wadi Kelt” [Palestine], BMNH (London); paratypes mm.-New synonymy based on a topotypical male paratype and the original description.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> TM. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL<\/span>, IR, JOR, SYR. <\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Mavromoustakis (1948b: 219-220, 1954b: 263).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in hard or shallow sandy soil. In one case, a female bee constructed three brood cells each inside an abandoned puparium of a sarcophagid fly located a few centimetres below ground. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells are built of petals of Centaurea<\/i> and possibly other plant taxa and closed by a wall of finely masticated petal pulp. (A. M\u00fcller, C. Praz and C. Sedivy, personal observation; G. Pisanty, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Probably oligolectic on Carduoideae (Asteraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 23 pollen samples from 5 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) serainae<\/em> M\u00fcller, 2012<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2012 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) <\/em>serainae<\/em><\/strong> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 3355: 44. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eKorfu, Sgombou\u201c [Greece], ETHZ (Zurich); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> GR,<\/span> GR(Aegean Islands). Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IRQ, JOR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown; the only two pollen samples analyzed so far contained pollen of Linaceae (M\u00fcller, 2012a).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) simula <\/em>(Gribodo, 1894)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1894 Osmia simula<\/strong><\/em> Gribodo, Bullettino della Societ\u00e0 Entomologica Italiana, 26: 287. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, \u201eTeniet et Haad\u201c [Algeria], MSNG (Genova).-Combination Osmia (Osmia) simula<\/em> Gribodo in Friese (1911b: 90). Combination Anthocopa simula<\/em> (Gribodo) in Zanden (1990: 54).<\/p>\n

1914 Osmia florigera<\/strong><\/em> Ferton, Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 83: 84. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1988a: 62), “Dellys” [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) florigera<\/em> (Ferton) in Zanden (1988b: 118).-Synonymy in Zanden (1990: 54).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>, MA, TN.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1985: 53, 1988a: 62).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Abandoned burrows of cicindelid larvae (ca. 10cm deep) with 3-4 cells arranged linearly. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells are entirely constructed from two to four layers of petal pieces (probably of Glaucium<\/em> and a species of Malvaceae). The partitions between adjacent cells are made of a thin wall of mud. The nest plug, which was still incomplete, was found to consist of a thin wall of chewed leaves 3mm below the soil surface. The space between the last cell and the nest plug was filled with a loose felt of flowers of Scolymus. <\/em>(F<\/span>erton, 1914)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Asteraceae (e.g. Scolymus<\/em>) (Ferton, 1914).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) sinuata <\/em>(P\u00e9rez, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia sinuata<\/strong><\/em> P\u00e9rez, Esp\u00e8ces nouvelles de mellif\u00e8res de Barbarie, p. 17. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1988a: 58), “Foum Tatahouin” [Tunisia], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Osmia (Chalcosmia) sinuata<\/em> P\u00e9rez in Zanden (1988a: 58). Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) sinuata<\/em> (P\u00e9rez) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

1899 Osmia<\/em> rufiscopa<\/em><\/strong> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 26. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1988a: 58), “Biskra” [Algeria], ZMHB (Berlin); paralectotype f.-Synonymy in Zanden (1988a: 58).<\/p>\n

1934 Osmia brevifurca<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 39: 159. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Vall\u00e9e du Sous” [Morocco], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) brevifurca<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 66).-New synonymy (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA, TN<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Zanden (1985: 66; 1988a: 59).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in the ground. The only nest found so far was about 2cm deep and contained 3 cells, two of which were linearly arranged in the vertical main burrow and one was built at the end of a short side burrow. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells were entirely constructed from several layers of yellow petal pieces. The partitions between adjacent cells were made of a thin wall of mud. (C. Sedivy, C. Praz and A. M\u00fcller, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly mesolectic on Asteraceae (Asteroideae, Cichorioideae) and Brassicaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 5 pollen samples from 5 different localities and the pollen content of 3 brood cells of the same nest).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) spinidorsa <\/em>M\u00fcller & Wood, 2025<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2025 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) spinidorsa<\/strong><\/em> M\u00fcller & Wood, Zootaxa, 5631: 89. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eGranada: Sierra Nevada, Jardin Botanico, Hoya Pedraza, 1900 m\u201c [Spain], ETH (Zurich); paratypes f, m.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) sternocarinata<\/em> M\u00fcller, 2012<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2022 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) <\/em>sternocarinata<\/em><\/strong> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 5188: 243. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eS Tizi-n-Test, 1900 m\u201c [Morocco], ETH (Zurich); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA.<\/span><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Polylectic; pollen sources include Resedaceae, Brassicaceae and Asteroideae (Asteraceae); the extraordinarily short proboscis limits nectar and probably also pollen uptake to plants with open or short-tubed flowers (M\u00fcller, 2022b).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) trabutiana <\/em>M\u00fcller & Wood, 2025<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2022 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) convolvuli<\/strong><\/em> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 5188: 236. NOMEN PRAEOCCUPATUM [not Osmia papaveris convolvuli<\/i> Ducke, 1899 = Osmia perezi<\/i> Ferton, 1895]. <\/span>Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “10 km N Tazenakht, 1600 m” [Morocco], ETH (Zurich); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

2025 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) trabutiana <\/strong><\/em>M\u00fcller & Wood, Zootaxa, 5631: 101. NOMEN NOVUM <\/span>with same type specimen for preoccupied Hoplitis convolvuli<\/i> M\u00fcller, 2022 [not Osmia papaveris convolvuli <\/i>Ducke, 1899].<\/span><\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. <\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Unknown. Nesting material:<\/strong> Females were observed to cut pieces of petals of Convolvulus trabutianus<\/em> for brood cell construction. (N. Vereecken, personal communication)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Convolvulaceae, e.g. Convolvulus trabutianus<\/em> (M\u00fcller, 2022b).<\/p>\n

Male behaviour: <\/strong>Several males were observed to patrol flowers of Convolvulus trabutianus<\/em> (M\u00fcller, 2022b).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) wahrmani <\/em>(Mavromoustakis, 1948)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1948 Osmia wahrmani<\/strong><\/em> Mavromoustakis, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (London), ser. 12, 1: 218. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Mikve Jesrael” [Israel], DAAN (Nicosia); paratypes m, f.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) wahrmani <\/em>(Mavromoustakis) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Mavromoustakis (1954b: 263); Zanden (1986: 72).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated burrows in hard, sandy soil not exceeding 5cm. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells are entirely constructed from the yellow flowers of Oenothera. <\/em>(<\/span>Mavromoustakis, 1954b)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic with a probably strong preference for Asteraceae (Carduoideae, Cichorioideae); additional pollen sources include Campanulaceae and Convolvulaceae (Mavromoustakis, 1954b; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 9 pollen samples from 7 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) <\/i>widmeri<\/i> <\/i>M\u00fcller, 2022<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2022 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) widmeri <\/span><\/em>M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 5188: 245. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Tizi-n-Tagergoust, 5 km E Tazenakht, 1400 m” [Morocco], ETH (Zurich); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA.<\/span><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources include Brassicaceae, Antirrhineae (Plantaginaceae), Convolvulaceae and Crassulaceae (M\u00fcller, 2022b).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis bisulca<\/em> species group<\/span><\/h3>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) agis <\/em>(Benoist, 1929)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1929 Osmia Agis<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 1929: 96. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1985: 56), “Taurus” [Turkey], MNHN (Paris); paralectotype f.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) agis<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 56).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>AZ, GR. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IR,TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1985: 56).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Dipsacaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 1 pollen sample). Flower record: Lomelosia prolifera<\/em> (label record).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) bisulca<\/em> (Gerstaecker, 1869)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1869 Osmia bisulca<\/strong><\/em> Gerstaecker, Entomologische Zeitung (Stettin), 30: 344. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Tkalcu (1992: 215), “Sicilien” [Italy: Sicily], ZMHB (Berlin); paralectotypes m(m), f(f).-Combination Pseudosmia bisulca<\/em> (Gerstaecker) in Radoszkowski (1874c: 156). Combination Osmia (Furcosmia) bisulca<\/em> Gerstaecker in Schmiedeknecht (1886: 185 [1051]). Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) bisulca<\/em> (Gerstaecker) in Zanden (1980: 231).<\/p>\n

1879 Osmia lanosa<\/strong><\/em> P\u00e9rez, Actes de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Linn\u00e9enne de Bordeaux, 33: 194. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Le Divelec et al. (2024: 177), \u201eMontpellier\u201c [France], MNHN (Paris); paralectotypes ff, mm<\/span>.-Combination Osmia (Furcosmia) lanosa<\/em> P\u00e9rez in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 22 [888]).-Synonymy in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

1992 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) cretaea<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae (Praha), 56: 215. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Sitia” [Greece: Crete], Tkalcu Collection (Praha); paratype f.-Combination Hoplitis<\/em> (Anthocopa<\/em>) cretaea<\/em> (Tkalcu) in Ungricht et al. (2008).-New synonymy (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM, AZ, E, E(Ba), F, F(Co), GR, GR(Cr, Aegean Islands), H, I, I(Si)<\/span><\/span>, P, SCG. Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/del>, LAR<\/del>, MA<\/del>, TN<\/del>. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> IL, IR, IRQ, JOR, RL, SYR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Alfken (1914: 200); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Ferton (1895: 205-206); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Radoszkowski (1874c: 156); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Tkalcu (1992: 213, 215); Zanden (1984c: 176-179).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated burrows in mostly hard soil with 1-5 cells either arranged linearly one behind the other or singly at the end of small ramifications. The females sometimes also use preexisting insect burrows in the ground, e.g. burrows of Cicindela larvae. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells are entirely constructed from finely masticated leaves (rarely petals) of Scabiosa<\/em>, sometimes also of Dorycnium<\/em>. The inner surface of the cells is lined with about two layers of petal pieces (e.g. Papaver, Sisymbrium, Matthiola, Convolvulus, Glaucium, Scabiosa<\/em>). The nest burrow is closed immediately below the soil surface by a partition made of masticated leaves (e.g. Sanguisorba<\/em>) and\/or petals (e.g. Cichorium<\/em>); this partition is eventually hidden below earth crumbs. In sandy soils, the nest plug is sometimes lacking when it cannot be properly fixed due to the loose substrate. (Benoist, 1931; Ferton, 1892, 1894, 1897, 1901a, 1905, 1908, 1909; G. Le Goff, personal observation; A. M\u00fcller, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Oligolectic on Dipsacaceae (e.g. Scabiosa, Cephalaria, Pycnocomon<\/em>) (Ferton, 1895; Benoist, 1931; Baldock et al., 2018 A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 52 pollen samples from 33 different localities and on field observations).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) bytinskii <\/em>(Mavromoustakis, 1948)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1948 Osmia bytinskii <\/strong><\/em>Mavromoustakis, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (London), ser. 12, 1: 220. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Tiberias” [Israel], DAAN (Nicosia); paratype m.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) bytinskii<\/em> (Mavromoustakis) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/b>Possibly oligolectic on Dipsacaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 1 pollen sample).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) dalmatica<\/em> (Morawitz, 1871)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1871 Osmia dalmatica<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 8: 207. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “Dalmatia” [Croatia].-Combination Osmia (Furcosmia) dalmatica <\/em>Morawitz in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 22 [888]). Combination A<\/em>nthocopa (Anthocopa) dalmatica <\/em>(Morawitz) in Tkalcu (1974b: 329).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> AL, AND, ARM, AZ, CH, E, F, GR, H, HR<\/span>, I, I(Sa), MK, RO, SCG, SLO. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Amiet et al. (2004); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Zanden (1985: 56).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Preexisting cavities as vertical or horizontal fissures of rocks or between stones. Nesting material:<\/strong> The cells, which are generally built side by side, are two-layered: the outer layer is made of rather coarsely chewed leaf pieces (e.g. Helianthemum<\/em>), the inner layer consists of petals (e.g. Geranium, Linum, Lactuca<\/em>). (M\u00fcller et al., 1997; Westrich, 1989, 1996)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Oligolectic on Dipsacaceae (Amiet et al., 2004; Westrich, 1989, 1996; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 2 pollen samples from 2 different localities and on field observations).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) duckeana<\/em> (Kohl, 1905)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1905 Osmia Duckeana<\/strong><\/em> Kohl, Annalen des Kaiserlich-K\u00f6niglichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums (Wien), 20: 241. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Erdschias (Illany-Dagh, 1400 m)” [Turkey], NMW (Wien).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) duckeana<\/em> (Kohl) in Zanden (1980: 231).<\/p>\n

Distribution- Northern Asia:<\/strong> TJ. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IR, IRQ, RL, SYR, TR<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Zanden (1980: 232, 1992b: 67).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Probably oligolectic on Dipsacaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 11 pollen samples from 5 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) oxypyga <\/em>(Benoist, 1927)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1927 Osmia oxypyga<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc (Rabat), 7: 169. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eMekn\u00e8s\u201c [Morocco], MNHN (Paris). Type species<\/span> of Exanthocopa <\/em>Tkalcu.-Combination Anthocopa oxypyga<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 51). Combination Ho<\/em>plitis (Exanthocopa) oxypyga<\/em> (Benoist) in Michener (2007: 469) and Ungricht et al. (2008: 99).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA<\/span>, TN.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Tkalcu (1993a: 55); Zanden (1985: 51).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Possibly oligolectic on Dipsacaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 1 pollen sample).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) quadrispina<\/em> (Tkalcu, 1992)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1992 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) quadrispina<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae (Praha), 56: 213. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Matmata” [Tunisia], RMNH (Leiden); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa:<\/strong> DZ, LAR, MA, TN<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Probably oligolectic on Dipsacaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 1 pollen sample and on field observations).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) urfensis <\/em>(Zanden, 1984)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1984 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) urfensis<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Reichenbachia (Dresden), 22: 176. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “\u251c\u00e7eylanpinar\/Urfa” [Turkey], RMNH (Leiden); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>SYR, TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Carduoideae (Asteraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 4 pollen samples from 2 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) wadicola<\/em> (Alfken, 1935)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1935 Osmia (Lithosmia) wadicola<\/strong><\/em> Alfken, Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen aus dem Deutschen Kolonial- und \u00dcbersee-Museum in Bremen, 1: 188. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes ff, “Wadi el Kelt” [Israel], ZHMB (Berlin).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) wadicola<\/em> (Alfken) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> IL<\/span>, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Mavromoustakis (1938: 469-470, 1949: 293-294); Tkalcu (1992: 213).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis singularis<\/em> species group<\/span> (“Glossosmia<\/em>“)<\/h3>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) anipuncta<\/em> (Alfken, 1935)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1935 Osmia anipuncta<\/strong><\/em> Alfken, Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen aus dem Deutschen Kolonial- und \u00dcbersee-Museum in Bremen, 1: 186. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1989: 74), “Jericho” [Palestine], ZMHB (Berlin); paralectotypes ff.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) anipuncta<\/em> (Alfken) in Zanden (1988b: 117).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> GR(Cr)<\/span>. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> CY, IL<\/span>, IRQ, JOR, SYR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Zanden (1989: 74).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Possibly oligolectic on Carduoideae (Asteraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 6 pollen samples from 3 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) cypriaca<\/em> (Mavromoustakis, 1938)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1938 Osmia cypriaca<\/strong><\/em> Mavromoustakis, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (London), ser. 11, 2: 467. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Limassol” [Cyprus], DAAN (Nicosia); paratypes mm, ff.-Combination Anthocopa (Glossosmia) cypriaca<\/em> (Mavromoustakis) in Zanden (1988b: 119).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> CY<\/span>, IL, JOR, SYR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated burrows in hard soil (4-5cm deep) with up to six ramifications containing 1-3 cells each. Nesting material:<\/strong> The cells are entirely constructed from flowers of Papaver. (Mavromoustakis, 1938, 1954c)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Carduoideae (Asteraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 4 pollen samples from 3 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) fasciculata<\/em> (Alfken, 1934)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1934 Osmia fasciculata<\/strong><\/em> Alfken, Jahresbericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Graub\u00fcndens, 72: 26. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1986: 68), “Mandas” [Italy: Sardinia], ETHZ (Z\u00fcrich); paralectotypes ff.-Synonymy with Hoplitis rugidorsis<\/em> (P\u00e9rez, 1895) in Zanden (1986: 68), rejected by A. M\u00fcller (unpublished).<\/p>\n

1948 Osmia idalia<\/strong><\/em> Mavromoustakis, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (London), ser. 12, 1: 581. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Yermasoyia River” [Cyprus], DAAN (Nicosia); paratypes mm, ff.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) idalia<\/em> (Mavromoustakis) in Zanden (1980: 232, 1988b: 118). New synonymy based on new material from Sardinia (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> AZ, F(Co), GR, GR(Cr), I(Sa)<\/span>. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> CY, IL, IR, JOR, SYR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Zanden (1986: 72, 1989: 74). Females of H. fasciculata<\/em> from southwestern Iran are partly red-coloured in contrast to the entirely black females of more western populations.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated burrow in hard soil. Nesting material: <\/strong>Unknown (Mavromoustakis, 1948c)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Probably oligolectic on Carduoideae (Asteraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 7 pollen samples from 7 different localities). Flower records: Centaurea, Scolymus<\/em> (Mavromoustakis, 1948c).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) grumi<\/em> (Morawitz, 1894)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1894 Osmia Grumi<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 28: 28. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1986: 70), “Jagnob: Kol” [Tajikistan], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Anthocopa (Arctosmia) grumi<\/em> (Morawitz) in Zanden (1980: 232).<\/p>\n

1894 Osmia jagnobensis<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 28: 32. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1986: 70), “Jagnob: Kol” [Tajikistan], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Synonymy in Benoist (1927a: 171) and in Zanden (1986: 70).<\/p>\n

1899 Osmia bipartita<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 61. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Turkestan” [Turkestan], ZMHB (Berlin).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) bipartita<\/em> (Friese) in Zanden (1988b: 118). New synonymy based on the original description, Zanden (1986) and new material from Central Asia (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

1980 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) cypriaca bayburtensis<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de Mulhouse, 1980: 38. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Bayburst (G\u00fcm\u00fcshane)” [Turkey], EMET (Erzurum).-Combination Anthocopa (Glossosmia) cypriaca bayburtensis<\/em> Tkalcu in Zanden (1988b: 119). New synonymy based on new material from eastern Turkey (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> AZ, E, P. Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA. Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, KZ, TJ<\/span>; Central Asian Ranges. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Benoist (1927a: 171); Ducke (1900); Zanden (1985: 51-52, 1986: 70); Tkalcu (1980a: 38, as Hoplitis cypriaca bayburtensis<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated burrows in vertical loess scarps. The nest burrow enters more or less horizontal (ca. 5cm), then turns vertically. The vertical portion contains 2-3 linearly arranged cells one above the other. Nesting material:<\/strong> The cells are entirely built from three to four layers of petals of Geranium<\/em>. The burrow in front of the cells is also lined with petals. A 2mm thick earth wall is constructed between the cap of one cell and the bottom of the following one. The horizontal part of the burrow is loosely filled with pieces of petals, often also with particles of earth up to the soil surface. The nest entrance is usually open, but sometimes blocked with mud. (Marikovskaya, 1968)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Possibly oligolectic on Carduoideae (Asteraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 3 pollen samples from 2 different localities). Additional flower records: Origanum, Salvia, Sophora <\/em>(Marikovskaya, 1968).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) hemisphaerica<\/em> (Alfken, 1935)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1935 Osmia hemisphaerica<\/strong><\/em> Alfken, Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen aus dem Deutschen Kolonial- und \u00dcbersee-Museum in Bremen, 1: 187. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1989: 74), “Jericho” [Palestine], ZMHB (Berlin); paralectotypes mm, paralectotypes ff [= Hoplitis anipuncta<\/em> (Alfken) in Zanden (1989: 74].-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) hemisphaerica<\/em> (Alfken) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> IL<\/span>, IR, JOR, SYR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Mavromoustakis (1948b: 217); Zanden (1986: 72, 1989: 74).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated burrows in hard soil. One nest contained 12 brood cells (length ca. 12mm) densely clustered at the end of a more or less vertical and 10cm long burrow. The brood cells, whose orientation varied from horizontal to nearly vertical, were built singly at the end of 1.5cm to 2.5cm long side burrows deviating from the main burrow or rarely from the side burrows. After cell closure, the short side burrows were closed with mud. Nesting material: <\/strong>The brood cells are entirely built of several layers of petals (e.g. Papaver<\/em>). (C. Sedivy, C. Praz and A. M\u00fcller, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Probably oligolectic on Carduoideae (Asteraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 16 pollen samples from 5 different localities and on field observations).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) murina <\/em>(Tkalcu, 1992)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1992 Anthocopa (Glossosmia) murina<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae (Praha), 56: 215. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Kara Kala” [Turkmenistan], Halada Collection; paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM. Northern Asia: <\/strong>TM<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) rugidorsis<\/em> (P\u00e9rez, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia rugidorsis<\/strong><\/em> P\u00e9rez, Esp\u00e8ces nouvelles de mellif\u00e8res de Barbarie, p. 14. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1975a: 181), “Mascara” [Algeria], MNHN (Paris); paralectotype m.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) rugidorsis<\/em> (P\u00e9rez) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> I, I(Sa)<\/span>. Northern Africa:<\/strong> DZ<\/span>, MA, TN. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Probably oligolectic on Carduoideae (Asteraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 4 pollen samples from 4 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) singularis<\/em> (Morawitz, 1875)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia singularis<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 89. Type material<\/span>: m(m), “in valle Sarafschan” [Tajikistan], ZIN (St. Petersburg). Type species<\/span> of Glossosmia<\/em> Michener.-Combination Anthocopa (Glossosmia) singularis<\/em> (Morawitz) in Popov (1952b: 101). Combination Hoplitis (Glossosmia) singularis<\/em> (Morawitz) in Zanden (1988b: 119). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) singularis<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991h: 735).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> KS, KZ, TJ<\/span>, TM, UZ. Southwestern Asi<\/strong>a<\/strong>: IL?, TR?.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Ducke (1900).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Dead, erect and pithy stems of Ferula<\/em>; it is unclear whether the females gnaw the nest burrows by themselves or whether they use pre-existing cavities. The nesting females enter broken stems from their apex, unbroken stems through a hole at their side; it is unclear in the latter case, however, whether the females gnaw these holes by themselves. The are expected to be able to penetrate the lignified stem sides as the freshly eclosed imagines occasionally leave the nest by gnawing exit holes through the side of the Ferula<\/em> stem. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cell partitions are made of leaf pulp. (Marikovskaya, 1995)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Probably oligolectic on Carduoideae (Asteraceae) (Popov, 1967a; Marikovskaya, 1995; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 21 pollen samples from 3 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) zaianorum <\/em>(Benoist, 1927)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1927 Osmia zaianorum<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc (Rabat), 7: 170. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1985: 51), “M’rirt, \u00e0 environ 80 kilom\u00e8tres au Sud de Mekn\u00e8s” [Morocco], MNHN (Paris); paralectotypes ff.-Combination Anthocopa (Arctosmia) zaianorum<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 51).<\/p>\n

Distribution-<\/strong>Europe: <\/strong>E, P. Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, <\/span>MA,<\/span> TN.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1985: 51-52).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in sparsely vegetated horizontal soil. The only nest found so far consisted of a short vertical burrow of about 1cm in length, from which five 12-15mm long lateral burrows departed each having a single brood cell at its end. Nesting material:<\/strong> Petal pieces of Lotus corniculatus<\/em> were used to line the cells walls and to build the cell closures. The short burrows leading to the brood cells were filled with mud. Cleptoparasite: Ensliniana bidentata<\/em>. (Le Goff, 2017b; Baldock et al., 2018)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Carduoideae (Asteraceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 2 pollen samples from 2 different localities and on field observations).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis villosa<\/em> species group<\/span> (“Arctosmia<\/em>“)<\/h3>\n

H<\/em>oplitis (Anthocopa) brevispina<\/em> (Tkalcu, 2000)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2000 Anthocopa (Arctosmia) brevispina<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae (Praha), 64: 305. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Erzurum” [Turkey], EMET (Erzurum); paratypes ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>Caucasus. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> TR<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) caucasicola<\/em> M\u00fcller, 2012<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2012 Hoplitis (Anthocopa) <\/em>caucasicola<\/em><\/strong> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 3355: 40. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eGeorgia, Abkhazia, Gagry region, Mt. Mamzyshkha, 1600m\u201c [Georgia], ETHZ (Zurich); paratype f.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> GE<\/span>, RUS(SR).<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note:<\/strong> The paratype female of H. caucasicola<\/em> from eastern Turkey described by M\u00fcller (2012) belongs to a still undescribed species.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Fissure in limestone. Nesting material:<\/strong> Unknown. (Label data).<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Possibly oligolectic on Asteraceae (M\u00fcller, 2012a).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) graeca<\/em> (Tkalcu, 2000)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2000 Anthocopa (Arctosmia) graeca<\/strong><\/em>Tkalcu, Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae (Praha), 64: 305. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “S\u00fcd-Graccia. Attica \u00f6stl. Athen” [Greece], Tkalcu Collection (Praha); paratypes ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> GR<\/span>, GR(Aegina). Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> TR<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Preexisting cavities as rock fissures or between stones. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells, which are built singly or in loose aggregations, are entirely constructed from several layers of petals cemented together with sand or mud. (A. M\u00fcller, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Probably oligolectic on Asteraceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on field observations).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) obtusa<\/em> (Friese, 1899)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1899 Osmia obtusa<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 62. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Gilek, Taurus cilic., Asia minor” [Turkey], ZMHB (Berlin).-Combination Anthocopa (Arctosmia) obtusa <\/em>(Friese) in Tkalcu (1974b: 329).<\/p>\n

2000 Anthocopa (Arctosmia) graeca i<\/strong>onica<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae (Praha), 64: 305. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Ephessos” [Turkey], Liebig Collection; paratypes ff.-New synonymy based on material from Rhodes and western Turkey (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> AL, GR, GR(Aegean Islands, Cr), HR?. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> IL, JOR, RL, SYR, TR<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Ducke (1900); Zanden (1987: 80).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Probably oligolectic on Asteraceae (Carduoideae, Cichorioideae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 3 pollen samples from 3 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) ulaangomensis <\/em>(Tkalcu, 1995)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1995 Anthocopa (Arctosmia) ulaangomensis<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Entomologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 57: 114. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “NW-Mongolei: Ulaangom\/Charchiraa, Umgeb. Kurort” [Mongolia], MLUH (Halle); paratype f.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>MGL<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) unispina<\/em> (Alfken, 1935)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1935 Osmia (Lithosmia) unispina<\/strong><\/em> Alfken, Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen aus dem Deutschen Kolonial- und \u00dcbersee-Museum in Bremen, 1: 187. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes mm, ff (see Tkalcu, 2000a: 306), “Nablus” [Palestine], ZMHB (Berlin).-Combination Anthocopa (Arctosmia) unispina<\/em> (Alfken) in Zanden (1988b: 119).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> GR<\/span>. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> IL<\/span>, IR, JOR, RL, SYR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Tkalcu (2000a: 306-309).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Probably oligolectic on Asteraceae (Asteroideae, Carduoideae and Cichorioideae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 3 pollen samples from 3 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) ursina<\/em> (Friese, 1920)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1920 Osmia ursina<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift (Berlin), 1920: 49. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1985: 48), “Tunis merid.” [Tunisia], ZMHB (Berlin); paralectotype m.-Combination Anthocopa (Arctosmia) ursina<\/em> (Friese) in Zanden (1985: 48).<\/p>\n

1927 Osmia armata<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 96: 270. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1985: 48), “Alger” [Algeria], MNHN (Paris); paralectotype f.-Synonymy in Zanden (1985: 48).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa:<\/strong> DZ, MA, TN<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Zanden (1985: 48-49).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) villosa<\/em> (Schenck, 1853)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1853 Megachile villosa<\/strong><\/em> Schenck, Jahrb\u00fccher des Vereins f\u00fcr Naturkunde im Herzogthum Nassau, 9: 178. Type material<\/span>: f(f), [Germany]. Type species<\/span> of Arctosmia<\/em> Schmiedeknecht and Lithosmia<\/em> Alfken.-Combination Osmia (Lithosmia) villosa<\/em> (Schenck) in Alfken (1935: 188). Combination Anthocopa (Arctosmia) villosa<\/em> (Schenck) in Tkalcu (1974b: 329).<\/p>\n

1869 Osmia platycera<\/strong><\/em> Gerstaecker, Entomologische Zeitung (Stettin), 30: 338. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “Chur” [Switzerland], presumed lost (Tkalcu, 1974b: 329).-Synonymy in Dalla Torre (1896: 414).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> A, AL?, AND, B, CH, CZ, D<\/span>, E, F, FL, I, L, MK?, NL, PL, RUS?, SCG, SK, SLO. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> TR<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Amiet et al. (2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Scheuchl (1996); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Tkalcu (1995: 115, 2000a: 306-309); Zanden (1987: 80).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting sites: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: fissures and holes in rocks, stones and cinder; between stones; in abandoned nests of Megachile parietina; between pieces of bark. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells, which are built singly or in small groups, are entirely constructed from several layers of petals (Geranium, Helianthemum, Hieracium, Meconopsis, Rosa, Ranunculus, Papaver<\/em>) cemented together with sand or mud in varying quantities; the extremes are pure petal cells on the one hand and mud cells with petals only on the outside on the other hand. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Ducke, 1900; Friese, 1893, 1895, 1923; M\u00fcller et al., 1997; Petit, 1970; Stoeckhert, 1933; Westrich, 1989)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Oligolectic on Asteraceae; species of the Cichorioideae are the most important pollen hosts, followed by representatives of the Carduoideae, whereas pollen of the Asteroideae is only exceptionally harvested; pollen of Helianthemum<\/em> (Cistaceae) and Geranium<\/em> (Geraniaceae) was recorded in few pollen loads, suggesting that plant taxa other than Asteraceae are rarely also exploited (Amiet et al., 2004; Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; M\u00fcller, 2018b; Westrich, 1989).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis yermasoyiae<\/em> species group<\/span><\/h3>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) <\/em><\/strong>corcyraea <\/strong><\/em>(Tkalcu, 1979)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1979 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) yermasoyiae corcyraea<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca (Praha), 76: 319. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Corfu” [Greece], BMNH (London); paratypes m, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>AL, BG, GR<\/span>, GR(Aegina, Limnos), MK; Yugoslavia.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) daniana <\/em>(Mavromoustakis, 1949)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1949 Osmia daniana<\/strong><\/em> Mavromoustakis, Eos (Madrid), 25: 294. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Dan” [Israel], DAAN (Nicosia); paratype f.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) daniana<\/em> (Mavromoustakis) in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL<\/span>, JOR, RL, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic, pollen sources include Asteraceae (Carduoideae, Cichorioideae), Echium<\/em> (Boraginaceae), Linum<\/em> (Linaceae) and Brassicaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 6 pollen samples from 3 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Anthocopa) yermasoyiae <\/em>(Mavromoustakis, 1938)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1938 Osmia yermasoyiae<\/strong><\/em> Mavromoustakis, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (London), ser. 11, 2: 464. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Yermasoyia” [Cyprus], DAAN (Nicosia); paratypes mm, ff.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) yermasoyiae<\/em> (Mavromoustakis in Tkalcu (1979: 318).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM, AZ, GR(Aegean Islands). <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>CY<\/span>, IL, IRQ, RL, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Mavromoustakis (1949: 295-296); Tkalcu (1979: 318).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in the ground. One nest excavated in hard-packed horizontal ground consisted of a single horizontally oriented brood cell at the end of a short burrow of ca. 1-2cm length. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells are constructed from petals of Cistus<\/em> and Papaver. <\/em>The nest burrow is also lined with petals. At the end, the nest entrance is plugged with small stones and mud. (Mavromoustakis, 1938, 1954b; Standfuss et al., 2003; C. Sedivy and A. M\u00fcller, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic, pollen sources include Asteraceae (Asteroideae, Cichorioideae), Cistaceae, Papaver<\/em> (Papaveraceae) and monocots (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 7 pollen samples from 7 different localities). Flower records: Chrysanthemum<\/em> (Mavromoustakis, 1938), Convolvulus, Cistus<\/em> (Mavromoustakis, 1952), Anthemis<\/em> (Mavromoustakis, 1956a).<\/p>\n

– subspecies<\/span> asiae <\/strong><\/em>(Tkalcu, 1979)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1979 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) yermasoyiae asiae<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca (Praha), 76: 319. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Erzurum” [Turkey], EMET (Erzurum); paratypes ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM, AZ. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IRQ, TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>yermasoyiae <\/strong><\/em>(Mavromoustakis, 1938)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1938 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution- Europe: <\/strong>GR (Chios, Ikaria, Kos, Lesvos, Rhodes). Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>CY<\/span>, IL, RL, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Tkalcu (1979: 319).<\/p>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The subgenus Anthocopa Lepeletier & Serville occurs in the Palaearctic and Afrotropical region, marginally also in the Oriental region (Michener, 2007; Ungricht et al., 2008). Worldwide, there are 96 described species, 75 of which occur in the Palaearctic. Female of Hoplitis (Anthocopa) dalmatica (Morawitz, 1871) biting off a petal of Geranium pyrenaicum (left); brood cell […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1092,"featured_media":0,"parent":42,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-96","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/96","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1092"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/96\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7407,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/96\/revisions\/7407"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/42"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}