{"id":92,"date":"2009-01-21T23:41:05","date_gmt":"2009-01-21T22:41:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpethzprd.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/?page_id=92"},"modified":"2026-06-25T10:28:07","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T09:28:07","slug":"alcidamea","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/palaearctic-species\/hoplitis\/alcidamea\/","title":{"rendered":"Subgenus Alcidamea"},"content":{"rendered":"

The subgenus Alcidamea <\/em>Cresson occurs in the Palaearctic and Nearctic region (Michener, 2007; Ungricht et al., 2008). Worldwide, there are 82 described species, 65 of which occur in the Palaearctic. The former subgenera Megalosmia, Monumetha <\/em>and Prionohoplitis<\/em> are inluded here in an enlarged subgenus Alcidamea<\/em> due to polyphyly of Alcidamea <\/em>in its former circumscription and non-monophyly of Prionohoplitis<\/em> (Sedivy et al., 2013c).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Female of Hoplitis (Alcidamea) tridentata<\/em> (Dufour & Perris, 1840) entering her nest in a pithy stem through an entrance hole gnawed by the bee itself (left); emergence holes gnawed by the freshly eclosed imagines of H. tridentata<\/em> (right). Fotos A. Krebs.<\/span><\/h5>\n

Species accounts<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) acanthophora <\/em>(Morawitz, 1875)<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia acanthophora<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 101. Type material<\/span>: m(m), “in valle Sarafschan” [Tajikistan].-Combination Osmia (Osmia) acanthophora<\/em> Morawitz in Friese (1911b: 84). Combination Hoplitis (Acanthosmia) acanthophora<\/em> (Morawitz) in Popov (1960a: 430). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) acanthophora<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991h: 720).<\/p>\n

Distribution-<\/strong>Northern Asia<\/strong>: TJ<\/span>. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Popov (1960a: 430-432).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) acuticornis <\/em>(Dufour & Perris, 1840)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1840 Osmia acuticornis<\/strong><\/em> Dufour & Perris, Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 9: 14. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), [France].-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) acuticornis<\/em> Dufour & Perris in Warncke (1991h: 723).<\/p>\n

1877 Osmia dentiventris<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 14: 45. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Nikolajewka (Novaja Derewnja)” [Armenia], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Osmia (Acanthosmia) dentiventris<\/em> Morawitz in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 21 [887]).-Synonymy in Friese (1893: 355).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, AL, AND, ARM, AZ, BG, CH, CZ, D, E, E(Ba), F<\/span>, GR, GR(Aegean Islands, Cr), H, HR, I, I(Si), L, MK, P, RO, RUS(CR,SR), SCG, SK, SLO, UA(Crimea). <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA, DZ, <\/em>E(Ca), P(Ma), TN. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, KZ, RUS(WS,ES), TJ, TM. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>CY, IL, IR, JOR, RL, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al. (2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Scheuchl (1996); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Warncke (1991h); Le Divelec (2024).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in pithy stems (e.g. Asphodelus<\/em>, Ferula, Rubus, Scilla, Vitis<\/em> and others). Nesting material: <\/strong>The cell partitions consist of pressed particles of pith. The nest plug is made of a thick layer of pith and covered by a thinner layer of chewed leaves (rarely also petals); sometimes the nest plug consists only of pith. Typically, the brood cells are slightly constricted at their apex. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Enslin, 1925, 1933; Grandi, 1961; Le Goff, 1997; Mavromoustakis, 1939b; Stoeckhert, 1954; Westrich, 1989; C. Sedivy and A. M\u00fcller, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>The species is said to be a strict oligolege of Fabaceae (Amiet et al., 2004; Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Westrich, 1989). Indeed, 29 out of 32 pollen samples analysed so far consist of pure Fabaceae pollen, e.g. ; however, three pollen samples from two different localities contain large amounts of pollen of Boraginaceae (Echium, Anchusa<\/em>). Thus, the species might be better classified as polylectic with a strong preference for Fabaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 32 pollen samples from 29 different localities).<\/p>\n

– <\/em>subspecies <\/span>acuticornis <\/strong><\/em>(Dufour & Perris, 1840)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1840 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, AL, AND, ARM, AZ, CH, CZ, D, F<\/span>, GR, GR(Aegean Islands, Cr), H, HR, I, I(Si), L, MK, RO, RUS(CR,SR), SCG, SK, SLO, UA(Crimea). <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, <\/em>P(Ma), TN. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>CY, IR, JOR, RL, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>brunneipes <\/strong><\/em>(Peters, 1975)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1975 Osmia acuticornis brunneipes<\/strong><\/em> Peters, Senckenbergiana Biologica (Frankfurt), 56: 50. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Gran Canaria: San Bartolom\u00e9” [Spain: Canary Islands], SMFD (Frankfurt); paratypes m, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>E(Ca)<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Tkalcu (1993b: 811).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>camelina <\/strong><\/em>(Benoist 1934)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1934 Osmia camelina<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 39: 106. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Ain Leuh” [Morocco], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) acuticornis camelina<\/em> Benoist in Warncke (1991h: 724). Combination Hoplitis (Alcidamea) camelina<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1996b: 884).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>, TN?.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Warncke (1991h); Zanden (1985: 63).<\/p>\n

– <\/em>subspecies gilv<\/em>a<\/em> Zanden, 1994<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1994 Hoplitis (Alcidamea) acuticornis gilvus<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Reichenbachia (Dresden), 30: 169. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Tschatkal-Gebirge, Arkit, 1250 m” [Tajikistan], ZMUM (Moscow); paratype f.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, KZ, RUS(WS,ES), TJ<\/span>, TM.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>hispanica<\/strong><\/em> (Schmiedeknecht, 1886)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1886 Osmia (Acanthosmia) hispanica<\/strong><\/em> Schmiedeknecht, Apidae Europaeae, vol. 2, p. 140 [1006]. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), [Spain].-Synonymy with Osmia acuticornis<\/em> Dufour & Perris in Dalla Torre (1896: 383). Synonymy with Osmia dentiventris<\/em> Morawitz in Friese (1891: 260).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) acuticornis<\/em> hispanica<\/em> Schmiedeknecht in Warncke (1991h: 724).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E<\/span>, E(Ba), P.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) agnielae <\/em>Le Divelec, 2024<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2024 Hoplitis agnielae<\/strong><\/em> Le Divelec, Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Mausol\u00e9o, Corsica” [France]; paratypes ff, mm.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>F<\/span>(Co), I(Sa).<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Probably mesolectic on Fabaceae (e.g. Lotus<\/em>) and Echium<\/em> (Boraginaceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 3 pollen samples from 3 different localities). Flower records: Lotus cytisoides<\/em>, Echium plantagineum<\/em> (Ranalli and Le Goff, 2025).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) antennata <\/em>(Morawitz, 1875)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia antennata<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 12: 43. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Warncke (1991h: 723), “auf dem Berge Schaffnabadell” [Georgia], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) antennata<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991h: 723).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>GE<\/span>. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: Unknown. Flower records: Campanula<\/em> (Morawitz, 1876).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) arenivaga <\/em>Zanden, 1996<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1996 Hoplitis (Alcidamea) arenivaga<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 28: 886. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “80 km N.E. Aqaba (Strasse nach Amman)” [Jordan], OLML (Linz).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>JOR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) beijingensis<\/em> Wu, 1987<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1987 Hoplitis (Liosmia) beijingensis<\/strong><\/em> Wu, Acta Entomologica Sinica (Beijing), 30: 443, 448. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Beijing: Quinlunqiao” [China], IZCAS (Beijing); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC(NO),<\/span> RUS(ES).<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Wu (2006).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) bicallosa <\/em>(Morawitz, 1875)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia bicallosa<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 12: 44. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Warncke (1991h: 726), “Borshom” [Georgia], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Hoplitis (Acanthosmia) bicallosa <\/em>(Morawitz) in Zanden (1988b: 120). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) bicallosa<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991h: 726).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>GE<\/span>, GR. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>B<\/span>ees were observed at an old post, which indicate that insect burrows might have been used as nesting site. <\/span>Nesting material:<\/span> Unknown. (Morawitz, 1876)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Fabaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 5 pollen samples from 5 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) bispinosa <\/em>Zanden, 1992<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1992 Hoplitis (Liosmia) bispinosa<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 24: 820. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Y\u00fcksekova, 2250 m” [Turkey], RMNH (Leiden); paratypes mm.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>GR. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/span><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: Two pollen samples from 2 different localities consist of pollen of Campanulaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) brachypogon<\/em> (P\u00e9rez, 1879)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1879 Osmia <\/em>brachypogon<\/em><\/strong> P\u00e9rez, Actes de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Linn\u00e9enne de Bordeaux, 33: 195. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1974c: 331), \u201eMarseille\u201c [France], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Hoplitis (Acanthosmia) brachypogon<\/em> (P\u00e9rez) in Zanden (1988b: 120). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) brachypogon<\/em> P\u00e9rez in Warncke (1991h: 719). Combination Hoplitis (Prionohoplitis) brachypogon<\/em> (P\u00e9rez) in Michener (2007) and Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

1934 Osmia<\/em> Seyrigi<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 39: 106. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eEl Solidado\u201c [Spain], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Hoplitis (Liosmia) seyrigi<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 63). Combination Hoplitis (Alcidamea) seyrigi<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1988b: 120).-Synonymy in Warncke (1991h: 719) and in Zanden (1991b: 352).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>AL, AZ, BG, E,F<\/span>, GR, GR(Cr), HR, I, P. <\/em>Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> IL, IR, SYR,TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al.<\/em> (2004); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Tkalcu (1974c: 331); Warncke (1991h); Zanden (1988a: 63, 1991b: 357-358).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly mesolectic on Fabaceae, Lamiaceae and Antirrhineae; one pollen load contains small amounts of Brassicaceae pollen suggesting that flowers of this plant family are occasionally exploited as well (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 15 pollen samples from 9 different localities). The female clypeus is covered with a dense yellowish pilosity composed of short, erect and minutely barbed hairs. This specialized pilosity might be an adaptation to collect pollen from nototribic flowers as is suggested by the finding that large pollen quantities adhering to the clypeal hairs of a female of the subspecies H. b. carsophila<\/em> originated from Antirrhineae and Lamiaceae of the subfamilies Nepetoideae and probably Lamioideae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished). Flower records: Stachys recta<\/em> (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>brachypogon <\/em>(P\u00e9rez, 1879)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1879 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E, F<\/span>, P.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>carsophila<\/em> (Ducke, 1899)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1899 Osmia <\/em>carsophila<\/em><\/strong> Ducke, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 212. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201ebei Fiume\u201c [Croatia], ZMHB (Berlin).-Synonymy with Osmia brachypogon<\/em> P\u00e9rez in Benoist (1945: 28).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) brachypogon carsophila<\/em> Ducke in Warncke (1991h: 719). Combination Hoplitis (Prionohoplitis) brachypogon<\/em> carsophila<\/em> (Ducke) in Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>AL, AZ, BG, GR, GR(Cr), HR<\/span>, <\/em>I. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IR, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) campanularis <\/em>(Morawitz, 1877)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1877 Osmia <\/em>campanularis<\/em><\/strong> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 14: 42. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Warncke (1991h: 735), \u201eMzchett\u201c [Georgia], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Hoplitis (Acanthosmia) campanularis<\/em> (Morawitz) in Zanden (1988b: 120). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) campanularis<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991h: 735). Combination Hoplitis (Prionohoplitis) campanularis<\/em> (Morawitz) in Michener (2007) and Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>AL, ARM, AZ, BG, E, GE<\/span>, GR, HR, I, P, RUS(SR), SCG, SLO. <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, RL, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Campanulaceae (e.g. Asyneuma<\/em>) (Morawitz, 1877; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 21 pollen samples from 13 different localities).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>campanularis<\/em><\/strong> (Morawitz, 1877)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1877 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>AL, ARM, AZ, BG, GE<\/span>, GR, HR, I, RUS(SR), SCG, SLO. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, RL, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>ibericola<\/em> <\/strong>(Mavromoustakis, 1947)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1947 Osmia digitata <\/em>ibericola<\/em><\/strong> Mavromoustakis, Eos (Madrid), 23: 357. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eParacuellos\u201c [Spain], DAAN (Nicosia).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) campanularis ibericola<\/em> Mavromoustakis in Warncke (1991h: 735). Combination Hoplitis (Prionohoplitis) campanularis ibericola <\/em>(Mavromoustakis) in Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E,<\/span>P.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Warncke (1991h); Zanden (1984c: 182).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>sexcinctella<\/em> <\/strong>(P\u00e9rez, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia <\/em>sexcinctella<\/em><\/strong> P\u00e9rez, Esp\u00e8ces nouvelles de mellif\u00e8res de Barbarie, p. 14. Type material<\/span>: f(f), [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Hoplitis (Hoplitis) sexcinctella<\/em> (P\u00e9rez) in Zanden (1988b: 121). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) campanularis sexcinctella<\/em> P\u00e9rez in Warncke (1991h: 736). Combination Hoplitis (Prionohoplitis) campanularis sexcinctella<\/em> (P\u00e9rez) in Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

1899 Osmia<\/em> digitata<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 61. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eAlgeria\u201c [Algeria], ZMHB (Berlin).-Synonymy with Hoplitis campanularis<\/em> (Morawitz in Zanden (1988b: 115, 120). Synonymy with Osmia campanularis<\/em> sexcinctella<\/em> P\u00e9rez in Warncke (1991h: 736).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>, MA.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) capsulifer <\/em>Popov, 1960<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

1960 Hoplitis (Liosmia) capsulifer<\/strong><\/em> Popov, Izvestiya Otdeleniya Sel’skochozyaistvennich i Biologicheskich Nauk, 2: 73. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes mm, ff, [Tajikistan], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) capsulifer<\/em> (Popov) in Warncke (1991h: 718).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, KZ, TJ<\/span>, UZ; Central Asian Ranges.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) caucasica<\/em> (Friese, 1920)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1920 Osmia caucasica<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift (Berlin), 1920: 51. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes ff, “Murut im Kaukasus” [Azerbajian], ZMHB (Berlin).-Combination Hoplitis (Megalosmia) caucasica <\/em>(Friese) in Zanden (1988b: 122). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) caucasica<\/em> Friese in Warncke (1991h: 721).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>AZ<\/span>, RUS(SR). Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: Unknown. <\/span><\/strong>Flower records<\/span>: Onobrychis, Melilotus<\/em> (\u00f4zbek, 1979b).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) caularis <\/em>(Morawitz, 1875)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia caularis<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 94. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Bajbek in deserto Kisilkum” [Kazakhstan], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Hoplitis (Acanthosmia) caularis<\/em> (Morawitz) in Zanden (1988b: 120). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) caularis<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991h: 726).<\/p>\n

Distribution-<\/strong>Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS?, KZ<\/span>, RC?, TM?, UZ?. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>SYR?, TR?.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Fateryga and Proshchalykin (2020); Medvedeva (1978); Warncke (1991h); Wu (2006).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Fabaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 4 pollen samples from 4 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) claviventris <\/em>(Thomson, 1872)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1861 Osmia<\/em> interrupta<\/em><\/strong> Schenck, Jahrb\u00fccher des Vereins f\u00fcr Naturkunde im Herzogthum Nassau, 14: 341. NOMEN PRAEOCCUPATUM [not Osmia interrupta <\/em>Latreille, 1811]. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Tkalcu (1974b: 330), [Germany], SMFD (Frankfurt).<\/p>\n

1872 Osmia claviventris<\/strong><\/em> Thomson, Skandinaviens Hymenoptera, vol. 2, p. 254. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Tkalcu (1974b: 331), “Norrland” [Sweden], MZLU (Lund). Type species<\/span> of Liosmia<\/em> Thomson.-Combination Hoplitis (Liosmia) claviventris<\/em> (Thomson) in Tkalcu (1974b: 330). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) claviventris<\/em> Thomson in Warncke (1991h: 717).<\/p>\n

1873 Osmia foveolata<\/strong><\/em> Schenck, Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 17: 249 [not seen]. Type material<\/span>: f(f). NOMEN NOVUM with same type specimen for preoccupied Osmia<\/em> interrupta<\/em> Schenck, 1861 [not Osmia interrupta <\/em>Latreille, 1811].<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A,AL, B, BG, BIH, BY, CH, CZ, D, DK, E, EST, F, F(Co)?, FIN, FL, GB, GR, H, HR, I, I(Sa), I(Si), L, LT, LV, MK, N, NL, P, PL, RO, RUS(CR,SR), S<\/span>, SCG, SK, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea)<\/span>; Caucasus. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ, MGL, RC, RUS(WS,ES). Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al. (2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931, as Osmia leucomelana<\/em>); Ducke (1900); Scheuchl (1996); Medvedeva (1978, as Hoplitis leucomelana<\/em>); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958, as Osmia leucomelana<\/em>); Radoszkowski (1887a: 281); Romankova (1995, as Hoplitis leucomelana<\/em>); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Warncke (1991h); Wu (2006, as Hoplitis leucomelana<\/em>). Misapplication: <\/strong>In many publications Hoplitis leucomelana<\/em> auct. [not (Kirby, 1802)] is Hoplitis claviventris <\/em>(Thomson), see Yarrow (1970).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in pithy stems (e.g. Rosa, Rubus, Sambucus, Verbascum, Artemisia, Onopordum, Cirsium<\/em>, Arctium<\/em>) or in decaying wood and twigs (e.g. Fagus);<\/span><\/em> insect burrows in dead wood; hollow stems. Nesting material: <\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug are made of masticated leaf material (e.g. Rosa<\/em>). The space (8-12mm long) between outermost cell partition and nest plug is sometimes filled with pebbles or grass spikes. (Amiet et al., 2004; Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Borries, 1897; Enslin, 1925, 1933; Friese, 1923; Grandi, 1961; H\u00f6ppner, 1904; Le Goff, 2001; Schmiedeknecht, 1885-1886; Stoeckhert, 1933; Westrich, 1989; A. Gogala, personal communication)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic with a preference for Fabaceae; additional pollen sources include Cistaceae, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Boraginaceae, Crassulaceae, Hypericaceae and Rosaceae (Amiet et al., 2004; Westrich, 1989; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 5 pollen samples from 5 different localities and field observations).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>claviventris <\/strong><\/em>(Thomson, 1872)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1872 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A,AL, B, BG, BIH, BY, CH, CZ, D, DK, E, EST, F, F(Co)?, FIN, FL, GB, GR, H, HR, I, I(Sa), I(Si), L, LT, LV, MK, N, NL, P, PL, RO, RUS(CR), S<\/span>, SCG, SK, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea)<\/span>; Caucasus. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ, MGL, RC, RUS(WS,ES). Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies<\/span> columba <\/strong><\/em>(Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) claviventris columba<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 717. Type material<\/span>: Holotype (sex unspecified), “Noguera\/Sierra de Albarracin, Prov. Teruel, 1600 m” [Spain], OLML (Linz); paratypes m(m), f(f).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) contracta <\/em>(Walker, 1871)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1871 Osmia contracta<\/strong><\/em> Walker, List of Egyptian and Arabian Hymenoptera, p. 47. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “Harkeko. Dahleck” [Eritrea].-Combination Hoplitis (Tridentosmia) contracta<\/em> (Walker) in Zanden (1988b: 122).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>ET. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>Arabia.<\/em>Extralimital: <\/strong>Afrotropis (Eritrea<\/span>).<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) curtula <\/em>(P\u00e9rez, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia curtula<\/strong><\/em> P\u00e9rez, Esp\u00e8ces nouvelles de mellif\u00e8res de Barbarie, p. 16. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1989: 77), “Barcelone” [Spain], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Hoplitis (Liosmia) curtula<\/em> (P\u00e9rez) in Zanden (1989: 76). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) curtula<\/em> P\u00e9rez in Warncke (1991h: 729).<\/p>\n

1905 Osmia<\/em> bofilli<\/em><\/strong> P\u00e9rez, Butllet\u00ed de la Instituci\u00f3 Catalana d’Hist\u00f2ria Natural, 5: 82. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1989: 77), “Barcelone” [Spain], MNHN (Paris); paralectotype f.-Synonymy in Zanden (1989: 76).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> E<\/span>, F. Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Tkalcu (2000a: 316-318); Warncke (1991h); Zanden (1989: 77). Misapplication:<\/strong> The material examined and figured by Warncke (1991h) under the name Osmia curtula<\/em> belongs to Hoplitis mollis<\/em>, see Tkalcu (2000a: 318).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) decaocta <\/em>(Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) decaocta<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 732. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Er\u00e7ek\/Van” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratype f.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown. The only pollen sample available so far consists of pollen of Hedysareae (Fabaceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) eburnea<\/em> (Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) <\/em>eburnea<\/em><\/strong> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 738. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, \u201e10 km W Uludere in 1000 m\/Hakkari\u201c [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes m(m), f(f).- Combination Hoplitis (Prionohoplitis) eburnea<\/em> (Warncke) in Michener (2007) and Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> AZ. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, SYR,TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Haplophyllum<\/em> (Rutaceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 5 pollen samples from 2 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) fossulata <\/em>(Mocsary, 1883)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1883 Stelis fossulata<\/strong><\/em> Mocsary, Ertekez\u00e9sek A Term\u00e9szettudom\u00e1nyok K\u00f6reb\u00f6l, 13: 69. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Persia” [Iran], HNHM (Budapest).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) fossulata<\/em> (Mocsary) in Warncke (1991h: 732).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1988a: 63). Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) freygessneri <\/em>(Friese, 1899)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1899 Osmia freygessneri<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 26. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “Biskra” [Algeria], ZMHB (Berlin).-Combination Hoplitis (Liosmia) freygessneri<\/em> (Friese) in Zanden (1988b: 122).<\/p>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) alectoris<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 727. NOMEN NOVUM with same type specimen for preoccupied Osmia freygessneri<\/em> Friese, 1899 [not Heriades freygessneri<\/em> Schletterer, 1889].<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>, MA, TN. <\/em>Extralimital: <\/strong>Oriental (India).<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Tkalcu (1977b: 231-232).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Hollow and upright, broken stems of Arundo donax<\/em>. <\/span>Nesting material: <\/strong><\/span><\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug are made of chewed leaves (e.g. Peganum<\/em>) and probably also of chewed flowers (C. Sedivy and A. M\u00fcller, personal observation).<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic, important pollen sources are Reseda<\/em> (Resedaceae) and Peganum<\/em> (Zygophyllaceae), Fabaceae are used as well (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 23 pollen samples from 11 different localities, provisions of 9 brood cells belonging to 3 different nests from the same locality as well as field observations).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) galbula <\/em>(Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) galbula<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 736. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “15 km NW Y\u00fcksekova in 1500 m\/Hakkari” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>GR. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) garzetta <\/em>(Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) garzetta<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 730. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Nemrut Dag in 2850 m\/Bitlis” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>GR<\/span>. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) grandiscapa<\/strong><\/em> (P\u00e9rez, 1895)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia grandiscapa<\/strong><\/em> P\u00e9rez, Esp\u00e8ces nouvelles de mellif\u00e8res de Barbarie, p. 16. Type material<\/span>: m(m), [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) grandiscapa<\/em> P\u00e9rez in Warncke (1991h: 717).<\/p>\n

Distribution- Europe: <\/strong>I(Sa)?. <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ;<\/span> MA<\/del>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Alfken (1937: 107); Ducke (1900); Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) grossepunctata<\/em> (Kohl, 1905)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1905 Osmia <\/em>grossepunctata<\/em><\/strong> Kohl, Annalen des Kaiserlich-K\u00f6niglichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums (Wien), 20: 242. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eErdschias (Ewlije-Dagh)\u201c [Turkey], NMW (Wien).-Combination Hoplitis (Hoplitis) grossepunctata<\/em> (Kohl) in Zanden (1988b: 121). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) grossepunctata<\/em> Kohl in Warncke (1991h: 740). Combination Hoplitis (Prionohoplitis) grossepunctata<\/em> (Kohl) in Michener (2007) and Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution- Europe: <\/strong>ARM, BG, GR, GR(Aegean Islands)<\/span>. Northern Asia:<\/strong> TM. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>SYR, TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Mavromoustakis (1938: 469); Warncke (1991h); Zanden (1989: 73).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Allium<\/em> (Alliaceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 1 pollen sample and on flower records on labels).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) heilungjiangensis<\/em> Wu, 1987<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1987 Hoplitis (Liosmia) heilungjiangensis<\/strong><\/em> Wu, Acta Entomologica Sinica (Beijing), 30: 444, 449. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Heilujiang, Harbin” [China], IZCAS (Beijing); paratype m.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC(NE)<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Wu (2006). Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) herrmanni <\/em>M\u00fcller, 2022<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2022 Hoplitis (Alcidamea) herrmanni<\/strong><\/em> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 5188: 234. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eLayoune\u201c [Morocco], ETH (Zurich); paratypes mm.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>MA<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) hofferi <\/em>Tkalcu, 1977<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1977 Hoplitis (Liosmia) hofferi<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Vestnik Ceskoslovenske Spolecnosti Zoologicke, 41: 229. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Quetta” [Pakistan], BMNH (London).<\/p>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) alexandrina<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 728. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Zisterne 12 km W Mizpe Ramon” [Israel], OLML (Linz); paratypes m(m), f(f).-New synonymy, based on types and original description (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa:<\/strong> ET. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IR, JOR, OM, PAK<\/span>, SYR, UAE.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic, pollen sources include Resedaceae (e.g. Ochradenus<\/em>), Fabaceae, <\/span>Boraginaceae (e.g. Echium<\/em>), <\/span>Haplophyllum<\/em> (Rutaceae) and Peganum<\/em> <\/span>(Zygophyllaceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 17 pollen samples from 11 different localities).<\/span><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) irania<\/em> (Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) irania<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 739. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Pass O Neyriz in 2060 m\/Fars” [Iran], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, f.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> TM. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) laminifera <\/em>Popov, 1960<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1960 Hoplitis (Acanthosmia) laminifera<\/strong><\/em> Popov, Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 39: 433. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m, f, “River Kondara, 1110 m, Gissar Ridge” [Tajikistan], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Hoplitis (Acanthosmia) laminifera<\/em> Popov in Zanden (1988b: 120). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) laminifera<\/em> (Popov) in Warncke (1991h: 725).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>TJ<\/span>, <\/em>UZ.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) lecerfi <\/em>(Benoist, 1928)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1928 Osmia Le Cerfi<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc (Rabat), 8: 213. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1985: 52), “Grand Atlas, au sud de Marrakech, r\u00e9gion du Tizi n’Test et du Djebel Imdress (2000 \u00e0 2450 m). Tinmel (1400 m)” [Morocco], MNHN (Paris); paralectotypes m, f.-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) lecerfi<\/em> Benoist in Warncke (1991h: 720).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Warncke (1991h); Zanden (1985: 52-53).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) limassolica<\/em> (Mavromoustakis, 1937)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1937 Osmia limassolica<\/strong><\/em> Mavromoustakis, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (London), 20: 523. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Limassol” [Cyprus], DAAN (Nicosia); paratypes mm, ff.-Combination Hoplitis (Liosmia) limassolica<\/em> (Mavromoustakis) in Zanden (1988b: 122). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) limassolica<\/em> Mavromoustakis in Warncke (1991h: 729).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa:<\/strong><\/strong> DZ, LAR, TN. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>CY<\/span>, IL, JOR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Dry stems of Asphodelus<\/em>. Nesting material: <\/strong>Unknown. The cells are separated by double partitions. (Mavromoustakis, 1948c)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly mesolectic on Fabaceae and Boraginaceae (Echium, Anchusa<\/em>) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 13 pollen samples from 12 different localities and on field observations). The females possess long and curved bristles on the tarsi of their forelegs, which serve to extract pollen from the narrow-tubed flowers of Anchusa<\/em> (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) loboclypeata<\/em> Wu, 1990<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1990 Hoplitis loboclypeata<\/strong><\/em> Wu, Entomotaxonomia (Yangling), 12: 245, 250. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Inner Mongolia: Zhenglan B., Xilin Gol L.” [China], IZCAS (Beijing); paratype f.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC(NO)<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Wu (2006). Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) mollis <\/em>Tkalcu, 2000<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2000 Hoplitis (Liosmia) mollis<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae (Praha), 64: 316. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Erzurum” [Turkey], Tkalcu Collection (Praha); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>AZ, BG, RUS(SR), UA, UA(Crimea). <\/em>Northern Asia:<\/strong> KS, KZ, UZ. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>JOR, SYR, TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Warncke (1991h, as Osmia curtula<\/em>). Misapplications:<\/strong> The material examined and figured by Warncke (1991h) under the name Osmia curtula<\/em> belongs to Hoplitis mollis<\/em>, see Tkalcu 2000a: 318. Specimens from Ukraine and Astrakhan assumed to be Hoplitis<\/em> (Alcidamea<\/em>) turcestanica<\/em> by Fateryga and Proshchalykin, 2020) belong to Hoplitis<\/em> (Alcidamea<\/em>) mollis<\/em> (Ukraine) and a still undescribed H<\/em>. (Alcidamea<\/em>) species (Astrakhan). “Hoplitis turcestanica<\/em>” in Banaszak and Romasenko (2001), Medvedev (1978) and Osytshnjuk et al. (1978) likely refers to H. mollis<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Similar to Hoplitis<\/em> (Alcidamea<\/em>) praestans<\/em>, i.e. in excavated burrows in the pith of dry stems (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001, as H. turcestanica<\/em>); reared from a trap nest (Fateryga and Proshchalykin, 2020, as H. turcestanica<\/em>). Nesting material:<\/strong> Similar to Hoplitis<\/em> (Alcidamea<\/em>) praestans<\/em>, i.e. masticated green leaves (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001, as H. turcestanica<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Fabaceae (\u00f4zbek, 1979b; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 11 pollen samples from 5 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) nigrocolor<\/em> (Zanden, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Anthocopa (Anthocopa) nigrocolor<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 346. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Matruh G.” [Egypt], RMNH (Leiden); paratypes ff.<\/p>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) acuticornis penelope<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 724. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “7 km SW Zarzis” [Tunisia], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm.-Synonymy with Hoplitis camelina<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1996b: 884), rejected by A. M\u00fcller (unpublished). New synonymy (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa:<\/strong> ET<\/span>, LAR, TN.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) occidentalis<\/em> M\u00fcller, 2012<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2012 Hoplitis (Alcidamea) <\/em>occidentalis<\/em><\/strong> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 3355: 38. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201e80km SW of Valencia, Muela de Cortes reserv.\u201c [Spain], ETHZ (Zurich); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> E<\/span>, F, I(Sa). Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Polylectic; pollen sources known so far include Fabaceae, Cistaceae and Campanulaceae (M\u00fcller, 2012a).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) ozbeki <\/em>Tkalcu, 2000<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2000 Hoplitis (Liosmia) ozbeki<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae (Praha), 64: 313. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Erzurum Serceme” [Turkey], EMET (Erzurum); paratype f.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM, GE, RUS(SR). <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) pinkeunia <\/em>(Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) pinkeunia<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 725. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Hissar-Geb. N Duschanbe in 2000 m” [Tajikistan], OLML (Linz).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, KZ, TJ<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: Unknown.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) praestans <\/em>(Morawitz, 1894)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1894 Osmia praestans<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 28: 31. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “Artutsch” [Tajikistan], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Hoplitis (Liosmia) praestans<\/em> (Morawitz) in Zanden (1980: 233). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) praestans<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991h: 734).<\/p>\n

1895 Osmia<\/em> lineola<\/em><\/strong> P\u00e9rez, Esp\u00e8ces nouvelles de mellif\u00e8res de Barbarie, p. 16. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Le Divelec et al. (2024: 179), \u201eSta. Manza\u201c [France: Corsica], MNHN (Paris); paralectotypes ff, mm.<\/span>-Synonymy in Zanden (1988b: 122).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, ARM, BG, CH, E, F, F(Co), GR, GR(Aegean Islands), H, HR, I, I(Sa), P, RO, RUS(SR), SCG, SK, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea)<\/span>; Caucasus. <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, ET, MA, TN. Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, KZ, TJ<\/span>,UZ. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, <\/em>IR, JOR, RL, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al. (2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); Scheuchl (1996); Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in pithy stems. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cell partitions are made of leaf pulp. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Campanulaceae (Amiet et al., 2004; Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Ducke, 1900; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 12 pollen samples from 8 different localities and field observations)7<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) scita <\/em>(Eversmann, 1852)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1852 Osmia scita<\/strong><\/em> Eversmann, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Imp\u00e9riale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 25: 63. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “in terris transuralensibus” [Russia: Sibiria], presumed lost (Tkalcu, 1995: 122).-Combination Osmia (Osmia) scita<\/em> Eversmann in Friese (1911b: 106). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) scita<\/em> Eversmann in Warncke (1991h: 722). Combination Hoplitis (Liosmia) scita<\/em> (Eversmann) in Tkalcu (1995: 122).<\/p>\n

1879 Osmia<\/em> rubripes<\/em><\/strong> Smith, Description of New Species of Hymenoptera in the Collection of the British Museum, p. 60. Type material<\/span>: f(f), “Angara River, Siberia” [Russia], BMNH (London).-Combination Hoplitis (Allosmia) rubripes<\/em> (Smith) in Zanden (1988b: 120). Combination Osmia (Helicosmia) rubripes<\/em> Smith in Wu (2006: 64).-Synonymy in Tkalcu (1995: 122).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>RUS(SR). Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, MGL, RC, RC(NW), RUS<\/span>(WS,ES,FS).<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Radoszkowski (1887a: 276-278); Romankova (1994: 120, 1995); Tkalcu (1995: 122-126); Wu (2006).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic, pollen sources include Fabaceae and Lamiaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 8 pollen samples from 7 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) stellaris <\/em>(Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) stellaris<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 731. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “30 km S Baskale in 1700 m\/Van” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>GR. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IR, JOR, SYR, TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown. The only pollen sample available so far consist of pollen of Allium<\/em> (Alliaceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) subbutea <\/em>(Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) subbutea<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 733. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Suvari-Halil-Pass in 1900 m\/Hakkari” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes m(m), f(f).<\/p>\n

1992 Hoplitis (Liosmia) abnormis<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 24: 821. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Chelmos, Pelopon., 1900 m” [Greece], RMNH (Leiden); paratypes mm.-New synonymy based on topotypical specimens and the original description.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>GR. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IR, TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>The only pollen sample available so far consists of pollen of Campanulaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) tridentata<\/em> (Dufour & Perris, 1840)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1840 Osmia tridentata<\/strong><\/em> Dufour & Perris, Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 9: 10. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), [France]. Type species<\/span> of Tridentosmia<\/em> Schmiedeknecht.-Combination Hoplitis (Tridentosmia) tridentata<\/em> (Dufour & Perris) in Zanden (1980: 233). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) tridentata<\/em> Dufour & Perrisin Warncke (1991h: 718).<\/p>\n

1934 Osmia melanoleuca<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 39: 108. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Hoplitis (Tridentosmia) tridentata melanoleuca<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 65).-Synonymy in Warncke (1991h: 718).<\/p>\n

1975 Hoplitis<\/em> (Tridentosmia) tridentata asensioi<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Archivos del Instituto de Aclimatacion Almeria, 1975: 18. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Granja Escuela, Valladolid” [Spain], Asensio Collection (Valladolid).-Synonymy with Hoplitis tridentata melanoleuca<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 65).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, ARM, AZ, B, BG, BY, CH, CZ, D, E, E(Ba), EST, F<\/span>, F(Co), GE, GR, H, HR, I, I(Sa), I(Si), L, LT, NL, P, PL, RO, RUS(CR,SR), SCG, SK, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea)<\/span>. <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, ET, MA. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, KZ, RUS(WS), UZ. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IR, <\/em>SYR,TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al. (2004);Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Scheuchl (1996); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in pithy stems (e.g. Ferula, Cirsium, Cynara, Verbascum, Onopordum, Dipsacus, Rubus, Artemisia<\/em> and others), rarely also in hollow stems (e.g. Dipsacus, Phragmites<\/em>). The females are able to enter the pithy core of the stems by biting a hole from the side through the wooden wall. The emergence of the adults also often takes place through a hole chewed in the side of the stem. Nesting material:<\/strong> The cell partitions are made of masticated leaves, sometimes mixed with pith. The nest plug consists of several layers of leap pulp alone or of leaf pulp mixed with pith. Larval behaviour: <\/strong>Upon disturbance, the prepupae produce two types of sounds, one of which can be heard up to a distance of 2-3 m (\u201estroking sounds\u201c), whereas the other is scarcely audible by bare ear (\u201etapping sounds\u201c). To produce the stroking sounds, the prepupae pull a horseshoe-shaped callosity around the anus over the cocoon wall before they start to produce tapping sounds by knocking a triangularly shaped callosity on the clypeus against the cocoon wall. The production of stroking sounds by a prepupa induces other prepupae of the same nest to stroke and\/or to tap resulting in a long-lasting chorusing of numerous prepupae along the whole nest stem. These disturbance sounds probably serve an anti-antagonist function and might possibly have evolved to disturb the reflectance signals that parasitoid wasps use to localize concealed hosts during vibrational sounding. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Dufour and Perris, 1840; Enslin, 1925, 1933; Friese, 1923; Graeffe, 1902; Grandi, 1961; Le Goff, 1997; Malyshev, 1937; M\u00fcller et al., 1997; Westrich, 1989; Ivanov et al., 2019; M\u00fcller and Obrist, 2021)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>The species is said to be a strict oligolege of Fabaceae (Amiet et al., 2004; Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Westrich, 1989). Indeed, 9 out of 11 pollen samples analysed so far consist of pure Fabaceae pollen; however, two pollen samples from the same locality contain large amounts of pollen of Echium<\/em> (Boraginaceae). Thus, the species might be better classified as polylectic with a strong preference for Fabaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 11 pollen samples from 9 different localities), which is in line with observations made by Baldock et al. (2018).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) truncata<\/em> Wu, 1993<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1993 Hoplitis (Liosmia) truncata<\/strong><\/em> Wu, Insects of the Hengduan Mountains Region, vol. 2, p. 1393, p. 1419. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Sichuan: Xiangcheng” [China], IZCAS (Beijing); paratype m.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC(SW)<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Wu (2006). Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) turcestanica <\/em>(Dalla Torre, 1896)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia<\/em> proxima<\/em><\/strong> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 94. NOMEN PRAEOCCUPATUM [not Osmia proxima <\/em>Cresson, 1864]. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of G. van der Zander (Fateryga and Proshchalykin, 2020), “in deserto Kisilkum” [Kazakhstan], ZMUM (Moscow).-Synonymy with Hoplitis caularis<\/em> (Morawitz) in Warncke (1991h: 726), rejected by Fateryga and Proshchalykin (2020).<\/p>\n

1896 Osmia<\/em> turcestanica<\/em><\/strong> Dalla Torre, Catalogus Hymenopterorum, 10: 414. NOMEN NOVUM with same type specimen for preoccupied Osmia proxima<\/em> Morawitz, 1875 [not Osmia proxima <\/em>Cresson, 1864].-Combination Osmia (Osmia) turcestanica<\/em> Dalla Torre in Wu (2006: 50).<\/p>\n

Distribution-<\/strong>Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, KZ<\/span>, RC?, TM, UZ?.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note:<\/strong> Male unknown. Misapplication:<\/strong> Specimens from Ukraine and Astrakhan assumed to be Hoplitis<\/em> (Alcidamea<\/em>) turcestanica<\/em> by Fateryga and Proshchalykin, 2020) belong to Hoplitis<\/em> (Alcidamea<\/em>) mollis<\/em> (Ukraine) and a still undescribed H<\/em>. (Alcidamea<\/em>) species (Astrakhan). “Hoplitis turcestanica<\/em>” in Banaszak and Romasenko (2001), Medvedev (1978) and Osytshnjuk et al. (1978) likely refers to H. mollis<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/b>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) verruciventris <\/em>(Morawitz, 1886)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1886 Osmia verruciventris<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 20: 73. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Warncke (1991h: 725), “Talysch-Lirik” [Azerbaijan], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) verruciventris<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991h: 725).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>AZ<\/span>; Caucasus. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) xanthoprymna <\/em>(Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) xanthoprymna<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 721. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Madensehir\/Konya” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) xinjiangensis<\/em> Wu, 1987<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1987 Hoplitis (Liosmia) xinjiangensis<\/strong><\/em> Wu, Acta Entomologica Sinica (Beijing), 30: 443, 448. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Xinjiang, Aluotai, Azubai, 1750 m” [China], IZCAS (Beijing).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC(NW)<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Wu (2006). Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: Unknown.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoplitis leucomelana<\/em> species group<\/span><\/h3>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) ciliaris<\/em> (P\u00e9rez, 1902)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1902 Osmia ciliaris<\/strong><\/em> P\u00e9rez, Proc\u00e8s-verbaux de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Linn\u00e9enne de Bordeaux, 57: 65. Type material<\/span>: m, “Valence (Dr\u00f2me)” [France], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) ciliaris<\/em> P\u00e9rez in Warncke (1991h: 716).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> BG, F<\/span>, GR, HR, MK, SLO?. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> IL, IR, RL, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Benoist (1931); Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Probably polylectic. The only pollen sample available so far consists of pollen of Fabaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished); Echium<\/em> (Boraginaceae) and Helianthemum<\/em> (Cistaceae) are probably additional pollen hosts (Nadimi et al., 2013; A. Gogala, personal communication).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) leucomelana <\/em>(Kirby, 1802)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1802 Apis leucomelana<\/strong><\/em>Kirby, Monographia Apum Angliae, vol. 2, p. 260. Type material<\/span>: f(f), [United Kingdom].-Combination Osmia (Liosmia) leucomelana<\/em> (Kirby) in Thomson (1872: 255). Combination Osmia (Acanthosmia) leucomelana<\/em> (Kirby) in Schmiedeknecht (1886: 137). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) leucomelana<\/em> (Kirby) in Warncke (1991h: 716).<\/p>\n

1802 Apis caulicola<\/strong><\/em> Schrank, Fauna Boica, vol. 2, p. 383. Type material: f(f), [Germany].-Synonymy in Warncke (1986: 93).<\/p>\n

1807 Apis zonata<\/strong><\/em> Gravenhorst, Vergleichende \u00dcbersicht der Linn\u00e9eschen und einiger neueren zoologischen Systeme […], p. 284 [not seen]. NOMEN PRAEOCCUPATUM [not Apis zonata<\/em> Linnaeus, 1758]. Type material<\/span>: f(f), [Germany].<\/p>\n

1840 Osmia parvula<\/strong><\/em> Dufour & Perris, Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 9: 8. Type material<\/span>: m(m), f(f), [France].-Synonymy in Warncke (1986: 75).<\/p>\n

1863 Heriades bidenticulatus<\/strong><\/em> Costa, Atti delle Academia delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche (Napoli), 1: 46 [not seen]. Type material<\/span>: m(m), [Italy].-Combination Chelostoma bidenticulatum<\/em> (Costa) in Schletterer (1889: 630).-Synonymy in Warncke (1991h: 716).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> A, AL, AZ, ARM, B, BG, BY, CH, CZ, D, DK, E, E(Ba), EST, F, F(Co), FIN, FL, GB<\/span>, GE, H, HR, I, I(Sa), I(Si), FL, L, LT, LV, MK, N, NL, P, PL, RO, RUS(NR,CR,SR), S, SCG, SK, SLO, UA UA(Crimea)<\/span>. Northern Africa:<\/strong> DZ. Northern Asia:<\/strong> MGL, KS, KZ, RC, RC(SW), RUS(WS,ES,FS), TJ. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al. (2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Radoszkowski (1887a: 280-281); Romankova (1995); Scheuchl (1996); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Stanek (1964); Warncke (1991h); Wu (2006, as Hoplitis parvula<\/em>). Misapplication:<\/strong> In many publications Hoplitis leucomelana<\/em> auct. [not (Kirby, 1802)] is Hoplitis claviventris<\/em> (Thomson), see Yarrow (1970).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Excavated burrows in pithy stems or twigs (e.g. Rubus, Rosa, Verbascum, Onopordum, Artemisia, Acer, Fraxinus, Corylus<\/em> and others); preexisting cavities in old reed galls of Lipara<\/em> flies with 1-4 linearly arranged brood cells. Nesting material:<\/strong> Cell partitions and nest plug are made of masticated leaf material. Occasionally, the space between the outermost cell and the nest plug is filled with pebbles, sand grains, dry plant particles, particles of pith or parts of dry insects; this barricade is sometimes interrupted by 1-2 walls of leaf pulp. Brood parasites: <\/strong>Stelis ornatula<\/em> (Megachilidae). (Astapenkova et al., 2017; Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Bogusch et al., 2015; Bonelli, 1971; Danks, 1970; Enslin, 1925, 1933; Grandi, 1961; Gr\u00fcnwaldt, 1939; H\u00f6ppner, 1904; Malyshev, 1937; M\u00fcller et al., 1997; Stoeckhert, 1933; Waitzbauer, 1969; Westrich, 1990, 2008)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Polylectic with a preference for Fabaceae; additional pollen sources include Crassulaceae, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Lythraceae and Rosaceae (Amiet et al., 2004; Quest, 2009; Westrich, 1989; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 16 pollen samples from 15 different localities and field observations).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) morinella<\/em> (Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) morinella<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 714. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Reschen Pojom\/20 km O Pendjikent” [Tajikistan], OLML (Linz); paratype f.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> KZ, TJ<\/span>, UZ.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note:<\/strong> Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) simplicata<\/em> (Warncke, 1991)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1991 Osmia (Alcidamea) simplicata<\/em> Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beitr\u00e4ge, 23: 714. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “20 km W Tawil-Dara in 2000 m” [Tajikistan], OLML (Linz); paratypes m(m), f(f).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> TJ<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) simplicicornis<\/em> (Morawitz, 1875)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia simplicicornis<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 95. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Bajrakum in deserto Kisilkum” [Turkestan], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) simplicicornis<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991h: 714).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ; Turkestan<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note:<\/strong> Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis tuberculata <\/span><\/em>species<\/span> group<\/span> (\u201eMonumetha<\/em>\u201c)<\/h3>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) tuberculata <\/em>(Nylander, 1848)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1848 Osmia <\/em>tuberculata<\/em><\/strong> Nylander, Notiser ur S\u00e4llskapets pro Fauna et Flora Fennica F\u00f6rhandlingar, vol. 1, p. 263. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, \u201eOstrobottina\u201c [Finland], FMNH (Helsinki).-Combination Osmia (Liosmia) tuberculata<\/em> Nylander in Thomson (1872: 255). Combination Osmia (Acanthosmia) tuberculata <\/em>Nylander in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 21 [887]). Combination Osmia (Osmia) tuberculata<\/em> Nylander in Friese (1911b: 82). Combination Hoplitis (Cyrtosmia) tuberculata <\/em>(Nylander) in Zanden (1988b: 120). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) tuberculata<\/em> Nylander in Warncke (1991h: 718). Combination Hoplitis (Andronicus) tuberculata<\/em> (Nylander) in Tkalcu (1995: 127). Combination Hoplitis (Alcidamea) tuberculata<\/em> (Nylander) in Wu (2006: 100). Combination Hoplitis (Monumetha) tuberculata<\/em> (Nylander) in Michener (2007) and Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

1852 Osmia <\/em>hamata<\/em><\/strong> Eversmann, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Imp\u00e9riale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 25: 64. Type material<\/span>: m(m), \u201ein terris transuralensibus\u201c [Russia: Sibiria].-Synonymy in Warncke (1991h: 718).<\/p>\n

1852 Chelostoma <\/em>signatum<\/em><\/strong> Eversmann, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Imp\u00e9riale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 25: 73. Type material<\/span>: m(m), \u201ein terris transuralensibus\u201c [Russia: Sibiria], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Heriades signatus<\/em> (Eversmann) in Dalla Torre (1896: 379).-Synonymy in Popov (1946: 107).<\/p>\n

1924 Osmia (Acanthosmia) <\/em>macrodonta<\/em><\/strong> Cockerell, Annals and Magazine of Natural History (London), ser. 9, 13: 598. Type material<\/span>: m(m), \u201eKudia River\u201c [Russia: Sibiria].-Synonymy in Warncke (1991h: 718).<\/p>\n

1924 Osmia (Acanthosmia) <\/em>amaguensis<\/em><\/strong> Cockerell, Annals and Magazine of Natural History (London), ser. 9, 13: 599. Type material<\/span>: m(m), \u201eKudia River, Amagu\u201c [Russia: Sibiria].-Combination Hoplitis (Hoplitis) amaguensis<\/em> (Cockerell) in Zanden (1988b: 121).-Synonymy in Warncke (1991h: 718).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, BY, CH, D, EST, F, FIN<\/span>, FL, HR, I, LT, LV, N, PL, RUS(NR,CR), S, SCG?. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>MGL, RC, RUS(WS,ES,FS).<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al.<\/em> (2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); Radoszkowski (1887a: 278-279); Romankova (1995); Scheuchl (1996); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Tkalcu (1995: 127); Wu (2006).<\/p>\n

Nesting site:<\/strong> Preexisting cavities: insect burrows in dead wood. Nesting material: <\/strong>The nests consist of i) a basal wall built from masticated leaves, which seals the nest against the rear end of the burrow, ii) a varying number of brood cells each delimited towards the nest entrance by a three-layered cell partition composed of two walls built from masticated leaves which enclose an interlayer that is densely packed with pebbles, earth crumbs and other small particles, iii) a (facultative) vestibule in front of the last cell loosely filled with small particles, and iv) a nest plug that consists of two walls of masticated leaves which enclose a space that is densely packed with small particles and divided up by one to three additional walls. Single pebbles or earth crumbs are often embedded in the leaf pulp matrix of the outermost wall of the nest plug. (Amiet et al., 2004; Frey-Gessner, 1880; Friese, 1923; Giraud, 1861; Gr\u00fcnwaldt, 1939; K\u00e4pyl\u00e4, 1978; Stoeckhert, 1933; Westrich, 1989; M\u00fcller, 2015c)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic with a strong preference for Fabaceae (e.g. Lotus, Hippocrepis, Lathyrus<\/em>); additional pollen sources include Helianthemum<\/em> (Cistaceae), Convallaria<\/em> and Polygonatum<\/em> (Asparagaceae), Echium<\/em> (Boraginaceae), Vaccinium<\/em> (Ericaceae), Geum, Potentilla<\/em> and Rubus<\/em> (Rosaceae), Anemone<\/em> and Ranunculus<\/em> (Ranunculaceae), Leontodon<\/em> (Asteraceae), Viola<\/em> (Violaceae) and Lamiaceae (K\u00e4pyl\u00e4, 1978; Westrich, 1989; M\u00fcller, 2015c).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>cylindrica<\/em> <\/strong>(Giraud, 1857)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1857 Osmia <\/em>cylindrica<\/em><\/strong> Giraud, Verhandlungen des Zoologisch-Botanischen Vereins in Wien, 7: 180. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes ff, \u201emontagnes de Gastein\u201c [Austria].-Synonymy with Osmia (Alcidamea) tuberculata<\/em> Nylander in Warncke (1991h: 718).-Combination Hoplitis (Cyrtosmia) tuberculata cylindrica<\/em> (Giraud) in Zanden (1988b: 120). Combination Hoplitis cylindrica<\/em> (Giraud) in Romankova (1995: 535). Combination Hoplitis (Monumetha) tuberculata cylindrica<\/em> (Giraud) in Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A<\/span>, CH, D, F, FL, HR, I, SCG?.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Tkalcu (1977b: 229).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>tuberculata <\/em><\/strong>(Nylander, 1848)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1848 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>BY, FIN<\/span>, LT, LV, N, PL, RUS(CR), S. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>MGL, RC, RUS(FS), RUS(WS).<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Tkalcu (1977b: 229).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis fulva<\/span><\/em> species group<\/span> (\u201eMegalosmia<\/em>\u201c)<\/h3>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) dorni <\/em>Tkalcu, 1995<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1995 Hoplitis (Megalosmia) <\/em>dorni<\/em><\/strong> Tkalcu, Entomologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 57: 131. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eBajanchongor Aimak, O-\/S-Ufer Orog-nuur, Halbw\u00fcste, 1300 m\u201c [Mongolia], MLUH (Halle); paratype f.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>MGL<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>The characters given by Tkalcu (1995) do not allow to reliably separate the females of Hoplitis princeps<\/em> (Morawitz) from those of Hoplitis dorni<\/em> (Tkalcu). So far, no characters are known to differentiate the females of these two species.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Probably polylectic with a preference for Fabaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 10 pollen samples from 6 different localities; these 10 pollen samples, however, probably originate from both H. dorni<\/em> and H. princeps<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) fulva <\/em>(Eversmann, 1852)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1852 Osmia <\/em>fulva<\/em><\/strong> Eversmann, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Imp\u00e9riale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 25: 63. Type material<\/span>: m(m), \u201eprov. Orenburg. australi, in prov. Saratov. et Astrachanensi et in terris transuralensibus\u201c [Russia].-Combination Osmia (Osmia) fulva<\/em> Eversmann in Friese (1911b: 105). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) fulva<\/em> Eversmann in Warncke (1991h: 722). Combination Hoplitis (Megalosmia) fulva<\/em> (Eversmann) in Tkalcu (1995), Michener (2007) and Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

1872 Osmia<\/em> grandis<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 9: 54. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), \u201eGubernio Saratov\u201c [Russia], \u201ein Asia minore (Amasia)\u201c [Turkey]. Type species<\/span> of Megalosmia<\/em> Schmiedeknecht.-Combination Osmia (Megalosmia) grandis<\/em> Morawitz in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 23 [889]).-Synonymy in Ducke (1900: 202).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM, AZ, H, RO, RUS<\/u>(CR,SR),<\/span> UA, UA(Crimea). Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ, MGL, RC, RUS(FS?). <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>JOR, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Popov (1962a); Radoszkowski (1887a: 275-276); Romankova (1995); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Tkalcu (1995: 134-136); Warncke (1991h).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Nests are built in loess scarps within preexisting cavities, as for example in burrows of other bees (Xylocopa<\/em> and others) or in natural cavities; the preexisting cavities are usually expanded and the females sometimes excavate their own cavities. The nests contain 6-15 cells, which are glued together or arranged in a linear series. Nesting material:<\/strong> The brood cells are entirely built from chewed leaves of Sophora alopecuroides<\/em>. The passage running from the cell cavity towards the nest entrance is filled with small packages of coarsely gnawed green leaves and closed by a plug made of mud; sometimes this plug is lacking. (Banaszak & Romasenko, 2001; Marikovskaya, 1968)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic with a preference for Fabaceae and possibly Lamiaceae, such as Teucrium chamaedrys<\/em>; other pollen sources include Mazaceae and Ranunculaceae (Popov, 1962a; Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Fateryga, 2017; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 4 pollen samples from 2 different localities). Flower records: Dodartia orientalis<\/em> and Delphinium camptocarpum<\/em> (Marikovskaya, 1968), Astragalus lydius<\/em> (Warncke, 1991h), Teucrium chamaedrys<\/em> and Linaria genistifolia<\/em> (Fateryga, 2017).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) laboriosa <\/em>(Smith, 1878)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1878 Osmia <\/em>laboriosa<\/em><\/strong> Smith, Scientific Results of the Second Yarkand Mission, p. 3. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1991b: 354), \u201ethe neighbourhood of Yarkand\u201c [China], BMNH (London). Type species<\/span> of Calohoplitis<\/em> Tkalcu.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) laboriosa<\/em> (Smith) in Zanden (1988b: 118). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) laboriosa<\/em> Smith in Warncke (1991h: 722). Combination Hoplitis (Calohoplitis) laboriosa<\/em> (Smith) in Tkalcu (1995: 129). Combination Hoplitis (Megalosmia) laboriosa<\/em> (P\u00e9rez) in Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

1880 Osmia<\/em> maculata<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Bulletin de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie Imp\u00e9riale des Sciences de St.-P\u00e9tersbourg, 26: 383. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of B. Tkalcu (Zanden, 1991b: 354), \u201eIli-Thale bei Kuldsha (Mittel-Asien)\u201c [Turkestan], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Osmia (Osmia) maculata<\/em> Morawitz in Friese (1911b: 106).-Synonymy in Warncke (1991h: 722) and in Zanden (1991b: 354).<\/p>\n

1899 Osmia<\/em> magrettii<\/strong><\/em> Ducke, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 214. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of B. Tkalcu (Zanden, 1991b: 355), \u201eMangyschlack\u201c [Kazakhstan], NMW (Wien).-Combination Osmia (Osmia) magrettii<\/em> Ducke in Friese (1911b: 106).-Synonymy in Zanden (1988b: 118).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>RUS(SR)<\/del>. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ, MGL, RC(WP)<\/span>, RUS?.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Tkalcu (1995: 129-131); Zanden (1991b: 359).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (<\/em>Alcidamea<\/em>) mongolica<\/em><\/strong> Wu, 1990<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1990 Hoplitis <\/em>mongolica<\/em><\/strong> Wu, Entomotaxonomia (Yangling), 12: 245, 251. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eInner Mongolia: Zhenglan B., Xilin Gol L.\u201c [China], IZCAS (Beijing).-Combination Hoplitis (Megalosmia) mongolica<\/em> Wu in Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> RC(NO)<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Wu (2006). Note:<\/strong> Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) popovi<\/em> Wu, 2004<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2004 Hoplitis (Megalosmia) <\/em>popovi<\/em> <\/strong>Wu, Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 29: 536. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, \u201eGansu: Zhangye (38.9\u252c\u2591N, 100.4\u252c\u2591E), 1700 m\u201c [China], IZCAS (Beijing); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> RC(NW)<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Wu (2006).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) princeps <\/em>(Morawitz, 1872)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1872 Osmia <\/em>princeps<\/em><\/strong> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 9: 57. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), \u201eGub. Astrachan\u201c [Russia].-Combination Osmia (Osmia) princeps<\/em>Morawitz in Friese (1911b: 106).-Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) princeps<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991h: 723). Combination Hoplitis (Megalosmia) princeps<\/em> (Morawitz) in Tkalcu (1995), Michener (2007) and Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>H, RO, RUS<\/u>(CR,SR), UA, UA(Crimea). <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ, MGL, RC(NW,WP), RUS(ES,WS).<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Ducke (1900);Medvedeva (1978); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Popov (1962a); Romankova (1995); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Tkalcu (1995: 134-136); Wu (2006). Note:<\/strong> The characters given by Tkalcu (1995) do not allow to reliably separate the females of Hoplitis princeps<\/em> (Morawitz) from those of Hoplitis dorni<\/em> (Tkalcu). So far, no characters are known to differentiate the females of these two species.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated short burrows in sandy soil below tufts of grasses (e.g. Elytrigia juncea<\/em>) or herbs (e.g. Artemisia campestris<\/em>). Nests consist of mostly 1, less frequently 2 brood cells, which lie 2-3 cm below the soil surface and are attached to plant roots. Digging of the nest tunnel and the cell cavity takes about 20 min and the construction of the cell needs about 4 h and 39 trips with nest building material. The nesting burrow is filled with sand after the last brood cell was sealed. Nesting material:<\/strong> The cells are built with masticated green, rarely withered leaves of Astragalus varius<\/em>. Cleptoparasite:<\/strong> Stelis aculeata<\/em>. (Fateryga et al., 2013; Ivanov and Fateryga, 2018).<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Probably polylectic with a preference for Fabaceae (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 10 pollen samples from 6 different localities; these 10 pollen samples, however, probably originate from both H. dorni<\/em> and H. princeps<\/em>). Flower records: Asteraceae (Popov, 1962a), blue Fabaceae (Warncke, 1991h), Astragalus varius<\/em> (Fateryga et al., 2013; Ivanov and Fateryga, 2018).<\/p>\n

Male mating behaviour:<\/strong> The males were observed to patrol nesting areas and female host plants (Ivanov and Fateryga, 2018).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) pyrrhosoma<\/em> Wu, 1990<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1990 Hoplitis (Megalosmia) <\/em>pyrrhosoma<\/em><\/strong> Wu, Entomotaxonomia (Yangling), 12: 244, 250. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, \u201eInner Mongolia: Alxa Right B., Alxa L.\u201c [China], IZCAS (Beijing).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC(NO)<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Wu (2006).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Unknown. Flower records: Tetraera mongolica<\/em> (Wu, 2006).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis curvipes<\/span><\/em> species group<\/span><\/h3>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) curvipes<\/em> (Morawitz, 1871)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1871 Osmia <\/em>curvipes<\/em><\/strong> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 8: 204. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), \u201eSyra, Corfu\u201c [Greece], \u201eCalabria\u201c [Italy]. Type species<\/span> of Prionohoplitis<\/em> Tkalcu.-Combination Osmia (Tridentosmia) curvipes<\/em> Morawitz in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 22 [888]). Combination Osmia (Osmia) curvipes<\/em> Morawitz in Friese (1911b: 102). Combination Hoplitis (Tridentosmia) curvipes<\/em> (Morawitz) in Zanden (1987: 82). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) curvipes<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991h: 737). Combination Hoplitis (Prionohoplitis) curvipes<\/em> (Morawitz) in Tkalcu (1993), Michener (2007) and Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> AZ, BG, E, F, GR<\/span>, I<\/span>, I(Si), RUS(SR). Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> IL, IR, SYR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Ducke (1900); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Warncke (1991h); Zanden (1983: 131, 1987: 82).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Below stones; the two nests found so far consisted of two brood cells each, which lay side by side and were neither attached to each other nor to the substrate. Nesting material:<\/strong> The brood cells are constructed from 78-92 leaf fragments, which are imbricately arranged, forming a cone-like structure as in Hoplitis<\/em> (Alcidamea<\/em>) mitis<\/em>; each leaf fragment consists of a basal part that is masticated to leaf pulp and an apical part that protrudes freely from the cell wall; the cell wall is formed by the fusion of the masticated basal parts of the leaf fragments, entirely consists of leaf pulp and has a smooth inner surface. The cell is sealed with a closing plug made of pure leaf pulp with a few leaf fragments glued to its outer surface. (Ivanov et al., 2023).<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Oligolectic on Allium<\/em> (Alliaceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 9 pollen samples from 6 different localities and field observations).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) epeoliformis <\/em>(Ducke, 1899)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1899 Osmia <\/em>epeoliformis<\/em><\/strong> Ducke, Entomologische Nachrichten, 25: 212. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, \u201eOase Tiout\u201c [Algeria], ZMHB (Berlin).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) epeoliformis<\/em> (Ducke) in Tkalcu (1975a: 181). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) epeoliformis<\/em> (Ducke) in Warncke (1991h: 737). Combination Hoplitis (Prionohoplitis) epeoliformis<\/em> (Ducke) in Michener (2007) and Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

1929 Osmia <\/em>Dumonti<\/em><\/strong> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 1929: 97. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1992a: 70), [Tunisia], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Hoplitis (Tridentosmia) dumonti<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 56). Combination Hoplitis (Liosmia) dumonti<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1992a: 70). New synonymy based on type material (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa:<\/strong> DZ<\/span>, ET, MA, TN. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>JOR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Zanden (1992a: 70). Misapplication:<\/strong> Osmia dumonti<\/em> in Warncke (1990: 489) is Hoplitis (Platosmia) incognita<\/em> Zanden, see Zanden (1996b: 887).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Three brood cells, which had been built side by side, were found by Benoist attached to a thin twig. Nesting material: <\/strong>The brood cells consist of leaves or leaf fragments imbricately glued together, forming a cone-like structure as in Hoplitis (Alcidamea) mitis<\/em> and Hoplitis (Alcidamea) curvipes. <\/em>(A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on material in the Natural History Museum at Paris)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic on Nitrariaceae (e.g. Peganum<\/em>), Fabaceae and probably other plant taxa (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 9 pollen samples from 9 different localities).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) insolita <\/em>(Benoist, 1928)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1928 Osmia <\/em>insolita<\/em><\/strong> Benoist, Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 97: 18. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eMascara\u201c [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Hoplitis (Tridentosmia) insolita<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1988b: 122). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) insolita<\/em> Benoist in Warncke (1991h: 737). Combination Hoplitis (Prionohoplitis) insolita<\/em> (Benoist) in Michener (2007) and Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1985: 49-50). Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) mitis <\/em>(Nylander, 1852)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1852 Osmia <\/em>mitis<\/em><\/strong> Nylander, Notiser ur S\u00e4llskapets pro Fauna et Flora Fennica F\u00f6rhandlingar, vol. 2, p. 272. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Nilsson (2009: 52), \u201eGotlands l\u00e4n\/kn, Gotland\u201c [Sweden], NHRS (Stockholm); paralectotypes mm, ff.-Combination Osmia (Acanthosmia) mitis<\/em> Nylander in Thomson (1872: 252). Combination Hoplitis (Acanthosmia) mitis<\/em> (Nylander) in Zanden (1988b: 120).<\/p>\n

1872 Osmia<\/em> montivaga<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K\u00f6niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 12: 361. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), \u201eCreuznach auf der Gans (1100\u00d4\u00c7\u2593), bei Salzburg, Trafoi, auf der Breitlauen-Alp und im Ober-Engadin\u201c [Austria, Germany, Italy, Switzerland], NMW (Wien), ZIN (St. Petersburg). Type species<\/span> of Acanthosmia<\/em> Thomson.-Synonymy in Dalla Torre (1896: 402).<\/p>\n

1879 Osmia <\/em>laevifrons<\/em><\/strong> P\u00e9rez, Actes de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Linn\u00e9enne de Bordeaux, 33: 190. Nomen praeoccupatum [not Osmia laevifrons<\/em> Morawitz, 1872]. Type material<\/span>: f(f), [France], MNHN (Paris).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, ARM,B, CH, CZ, D, E, EST, F, FL, GR, H, I, L, MK, PL, RUS(CR), S<\/span>, SCG, SK, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea)<\/span>. <\/em>Northern Asia<\/strong>: KZ, MGL, <\/em>RUS(WS,ES).<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al. (2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Scheuchl (1996); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Tkalcu (1995: 127).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>In preexisting cavities (below stones, rock crevices, abandoned cells of other bees), in vegetation (grass tussocks, plant litter), attached to plant stems or in angles of pine crotches. Nesting material:<\/strong> The brood cells, which are built singly or in small groups of up to 12, entirely consist of leaf fragments (e.g. Helianthemum, Potentilla, Hieracium, Sarothamnus, Fragaria, Cytisus<\/em>, grasses) imbricately glued together, forming a cone-like structure; the leaf fragments consist of a basal part that is chewed to leaf pulp and an apical part that protrudes from the cell; the cell wall is formed by the fusion of the masticated basal parts of the leaf fragments, entirely consists of leaf pulp and has a smooth inner surface. The cells are sealed with a 1mm thick plug made of leaf pulp (occasionally reinforced by sand grains), into which a few leaf fragments are incorporated by their chewed base; these fragments are directed in longitudinal direction to the cell and slightly curved inwards, so that the nest plug is no longer visible (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Bonelli, 1967d; Ivanov et al., 2023; Koller and Hamann, 1950; Maneval, 1925; M\u00fcller et al., 1997; Westrich, 1989)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Campanulaceae (Amiet et al., 2004; Westrich, 1989; A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 3 pollen samples from 3 different localities and field observations). Both females and males of the subspecies H. m. granadae<\/em> were observed on Jasione amethystina<\/em> at a locality in southern Spain, where no Campanula <\/em>species were flowering (G. Losapio, personal communication), indicating that Campanulaceae genera other than Campanula<\/em> are also exploited by H. mitis<\/em>.<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>granadae<\/em> <\/strong>Tkalcu, 1984<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1984 Hoplitis (Acanthosmia) mitis <\/em>granadae<\/em><\/strong> Tkalcu, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de Mulhouse, January-March: 8. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, \u201eGranada, Sierra Nevada, Omg. Albergue Universitario, 2500-2600 m\u201c [Spain], RMNH (Leiden).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E<\/u> (Sierra Nevada)<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>mitis<\/em> <\/strong>(Nylander, 1862)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1852 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, ARM,B, CH, CZ, D, E (Pyrenees), F, FL, GR, H, I, L, MK, PL, RUS(CR), S<\/span>, SCG, SK, SLO, UA(Crimea)<\/span>. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ, MGL, RUS(WS,ES). <\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Tkalcu (1984a: 9).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Alcidamea) tricolor <\/em>(Saunders, 1908)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1908 Osmia <\/em>tricolor<\/em><\/strong> Saunders, Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1908: 249. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1986: 73), \u201eBiskra\u201c [Algeria], BMNH (London).- Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) tricolor<\/em> (Saunders) in Zanden (1986: 73). Combination Osmia (Alcidamea) tricolor<\/em> Saunders in Warncke (1991h: 737).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>, MA, TN. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>JOR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1985: 56, 1986: 73, 1991a).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Reseda<\/em> (Resedaceae) (A. M\u00fcller, unpublished, based on 7 pollen samples from 6 different localities and on field observations).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The subgenus Alcidamea Cresson occurs in the Palaearctic and Nearctic region (Michener, 2007; Ungricht et al., 2008). Worldwide, there are 82 described species, 65 of which occur in the Palaearctic. The former subgenera Megalosmia, Monumetha and Prionohoplitis are inluded here in an enlarged subgenus Alcidamea due to polyphyly of Alcidamea in its former circumscription and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1092,"featured_media":0,"parent":42,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-92","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/92","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1092"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/92\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7459,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/92\/revisions\/7459"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/42"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}