{"id":2683,"date":"2009-09-07T13:33:12","date_gmt":"2009-09-07T12:33:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpethzprd.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/?page_id=2683"},"modified":"2026-04-09T15:02:56","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T14:02:56","slug":"subgenus-osmiaa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/palaearctic-species\/osmia\/subgenus-osmiaa\/","title":{"rendered":"Subgenus Osmia"},"content":{"rendered":"

The subgenus Osmia<\/em> Panzer is distributed both in the Palaearctic and the Nearctic region. It contains 27 described species, 25 of which occur in the Palaearctic. The North American species Osmia lignaria<\/em> Say, which has been introduced at one locality in Spain (Ortiz-S\u00e1nchez, 2011), is not listed below. Due to the close morphological resemblance, the species of the former subgenera Monosmia<\/em> and Orientosmia<\/em> are included here in the subgenus Osmia<\/em>, which was found to be paraphyletic in its former circumscription (Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Female of Osmia (Osmia) cerinthidis<\/em> Morawitz, 1875 collecting pollen on Cerinthe <\/em>(Boraginaceae), the species’ exclusive pollen source. Foto A. Gogala.<\/span><\/h5>\n

Species accounts<\/h3>\n

apicata<\/em> species group<\/span> (“Monosmia<\/em>” and “Orientosmia<\/em>“)<\/h3>\n

Osmia (Monosmia) apicata<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>Smith, 1853<\/span><\/h3>\n

1853 Osmia apicata<\/strong><\/em> Smith, Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, vol. 1, p. 140. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1974b: 339), “Albania” [Albania], BMNH (London). Type species<\/span> of Monosmia<\/em> Tkalcu.<\/p>\n

1869 Osmia<\/em> macroglossa<\/em><\/strong> Gerstaecker, Entomologische Zeitung (Stettin), 30: 349. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1974b: 339), “Griechenland” [Greece], ZMHB (Berlin).-Combination Osmia (Aceratosmia) macroglossa<\/em> Gerstaecker in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 19 [885]). Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) macroglossa<\/em> Gerstaecker in Friese (1911b: 124).-Synonymy in Tkalcu (1974b: 339).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> <\/em>AL<\/span>, ARM, AZ, BG, BIH, I, GE, GR, GR(Aegean Islands), HR, MK, RUS(SR), SCG, SLO. <\/em>Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> <\/em>IL, IR, IRQ, JOR, SYR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> <\/strong>Ducke (1900); <\/strong>Medvedeva (1978); Peters (1978a), Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Tkalcu (1974b: 337-339).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: crevices in stone walls. Nesting material: <\/strong>On the Peloponnese in Greece in 2024, numerous females were observed to enter holes in a vertical earth bank, where they collected moist soil, indicating that mud is used as nest-building material; hundreds of females of Osmia bicornis<\/em> and O. cornuta<\/em> exploited the same mining site for mud extraction (T. Wood, personal communication). (Ducke, 1900; Graeffe, 1902)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Oligolectic on Boraginaceae with a strong preference for Onosma<\/em> (Teppner, 1996; Gogala and Surina, 2011; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Orientosmia) maxillaris<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>Morawitz<\/span>, 1875<\/span><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia maxillaris<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 82. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Peters (1978a: 317) “in valle Sarafschan, Warsaminor, Obburden, Iskander” [Tajikistan], ZIN (St. Petersburg); paralectotypes m, ff. Type species<\/span> of Orientosmia<\/em> Peters.-Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) maxillaris<\/em> Morawitz in Friese (1911b: 125).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> <\/em>KS, KZ, TJ<\/span>, UZ.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> <\/strong>Ducke (1900); <\/strong>Peters (1978a); M\u00fcller (2012b).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Fabaceae with long flower corollas, e.g. Astragalus<\/em> (M\u00fcller, 2012b; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Orientosmia) <\/em>maxschwarzi<\/em> <\/strong>M\u00fcller, 2012<\/span><\/h3>\n

2012 Osmia (Orientosmia) <\/em>maxschwarzi<\/em><\/strong> M\u00fcller, Journal of the Swiss Entomological Society, 85: 29. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eFiruzkuh county, Markazi district, 28km E of Firuzkuh, Peynap valley, 2450m\u201c [Iran], ETHZ (Z\u00fcrich); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> <\/em>IR<\/span>, IRQ, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Fabaceae with long flower corollas, e.g. Astragalus<\/em> (M\u00fcller, 2012b; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Orientosmia) <\/em>scheherazade<\/em> <\/strong>Peters, 1978<\/span><\/h3>\n

1978 Osmia (Orientosmia) maxillaris <\/em>scheherazade<\/em><\/strong> Peters, Senckenbergiana Biologica (Frankfurt), 58: 319. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201eG\u00fcr\u00fcn\u201c [Turkey], SMFD (Frankfurt); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

1978 Osmia (Orientosmia) maxillaris <\/em>dinazade<\/em><\/strong> Peters, Senckenbergiana Biologica (Frankfurt), 58: 319. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, \u201ePul-i-chatum (an der Grenze von Turkmenien)\u201c [Iran], ZIN (St. Petersburg); paratype m.-Synonymy in M\u00fcller (2012b: 28).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> AZ, RUS(SR). Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> IR, TR<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>M\u00fcller (2012b).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Possibly oligolectic on Fabaceae with long flower corollas, e.g. Astragalus<\/em> (M\u00fcller, 2012b; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

bicornis<\/em> species group<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Osmia (Osmia) ariadne <\/em><\/strong>Peters, 1978<\/span><\/h3>\n

1978 Osmia (Osmia) ariadne<\/strong><\/em> Peters, Senckenbergiana Biologica (Frankfurt), 58: 296. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “W-Kreta, Meskla” [Greece: Crete], SMFD (Frankfurt); paratype f.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>GR(Cr)<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Zanden (1986: 72).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) bicornis <\/em><\/strong>(Linnaeus, 1758)<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n

1758 Apis<\/em> bicornis<\/em><\/strong> Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, 10th edn, vol. 1, p. 575. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “in Europa” [Sweden], LSUK (London). Type species<\/span> of Osmia<\/em> Panzer.-Combination Osmia (Ceratosmia) bicornis<\/em> (Linnaeus) in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 19 [885]).-Synonymy with Osmia rufa<\/em> (Linnaeus) in Dalla Torre (1896: 407) and in Warncke (1986: 121), but see Day (1979: 51, 70).<\/p>\n

1758 Apis rufa<\/strong><\/em> Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, 10th<\/sup> edn, vol. 1, p. 575. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Day (1979: 70), “in Europa” [Sweden], LSUK (London).-Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) rufa<\/em> (Linnaeus) in Friese (1911b: 126). Combination Osmia (Osmia) rufa <\/em>(Linnaeus) in Zanden (1988b: 127).-Synonymy in Kirby (1802: 273) and in Day (1979: 51, 70).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, AL, AND, ARM, AZ, B, BG, BIH, BY, <\/strong>CH, CZ, D, DK, E, E(Ba), EST, F, F(Co), FIN, FL, GB, GE, GR, GR(Aegean Islands), H, HR, I, I(Sa), I(Si), IRL, L, LT, LV, MK, N, NL, P, PL, RO, RUS(NR,CR,SR), S<\/span>, SCG, SK, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea). <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA, TN. Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, KZ, RUS(FS), TM; J<\/span>. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>CY, IL, IR, RL, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al. (2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Peters (1978a); Radoszkowski (1887a: 279); Romankova (1984); Scheuchl (1996); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities of most diverse form and size: insect burrows in dead wood and drilled borings in wooden blocks; hollow stems (e.g. Arundo, Phragmites<\/em>) and drilled borings in pithy stems; abandoned cells in exposed nests of other aculeates (e.g. Chalicodoma<\/em>); insect burrows in horizontal or vertical ground (e.g. of Anthophora, Colletes<\/em>); crevices in walls; cracks between shingles on house walls; key holes, pocket watches and flutes; glass tubes; empty snail shells. Nesting material: <\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud. In larger cavities, the cells consist entirely or partially of mud. In rare cases, nests inside cavities are entirely composed of mud, then similar to the nests of Chalicodoma. <\/em>Irregularities inside the nests are often smoothed with mud. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Bonelli, 1966, 1967a, 1968; Brechtel, 1986; Friese, 1923; Grandi, 1961; Ivanov, 2006; Le Goff, 2006; Malyshev, 1937; M\u00fcller et al., 1997; Olifir, 1980; O’Toole and Raw, 1999; Raw, 1972; Schmiedeknecht, 1885-1886; Smith, 1844; Tasei, 1973; Vicens, Bosch and Blas, 1993; Westrich, 1989; Ivanov et al., 2019; G. Else, unpublished manuscript)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources include plants belonging to 19 different families; flowers containing no or very little nectar, such as Ranunculus<\/em> (Ranunculaceae), Quercus<\/em> (Fabaceae), Papaver<\/em> (Papaveraceae) or Cistaceae, are the predominant pollen hosts (Amiet et al., 2004; Westrich, 1989; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>bicornis <\/strong><\/em>(Linnaeus, 1758)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/h3>\n

1758 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).-Combination Osmia rufa rufa<\/em> (Linnaeus) in Peters (1978a: 290).<\/p>\n

1776 Apis agino<\/strong><\/em> Harris, Exposition of English Insects, p. 163. Type material<\/span>: m(m), [England].-Synonymy in Peters (1978a: 290).<\/p>\n

1844 Osmia hedera<\/strong><\/em> Smith, The Zoologist (London), 2: 747. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Hampshire” [United Kingdom].-Synonymy in Tkalcu (1977b: 232).<\/p>\n

1899 Osmia<\/em> rufa borealis<\/strong><\/em> Ducke, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 215. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “aus Norwegen” [Norway], NMW (Wien).-Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) rufa<\/em> borealis<\/em> Ducke in Friese (1911b: 126).-Synonymy in Tkalcu (1977b: 232).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> <\/em>AND, DK, E, F(Co), FIN, GB, I(Sa), I(Si), IRL, N, P, S<\/span>. <\/em>Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> IR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Peters (1978a).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>globosa <\/strong><\/em>(Scopoli, 1763)<\/span><\/h3>\n

1763 Apis globosa<\/strong><\/em> Scopoli, 1763, Entomologia Carniolica, p. 300. Type material<\/span>: Neotype m, by designation of Warncke (1986: 74), “Klagenfurt, K\u00e4rnten” [Austria], ZSM (M\u00fcnchen).-Combination Osmia rufa globosa<\/em> (Scopoli) in Warncke (1986: 100).<\/p>\n

1790 Apis cornigera<\/strong><\/em> Rossi, Fauna Etrusca, vol. 2, p. 108. Type material<\/span>: f(f), [Italy].-Combination Osmia rufa cornigera<\/em> (Rossi) in Peters (1978a: 294).-Synonymy in Warncke (1986: 94).<\/p>\n

1799 Apis fronticornis<\/strong><\/em> Panzer, Faunae Insectorum Germanicae, 63: 20. Type material<\/span>: f(f), [Germany].-Synonymy with Osmia rufa cornigera<\/em> (Rossi) in Peters (1978a: 294). Synonymy with Osmia rufa globosa<\/em> (Scopoli) in Warncke (1986: 98).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> A, AL, ARM, AZ, B, BG, BIH, BY, <\/strong>CH, CZ, D, DK, E, EST, F, F(Co), FL, GE, GR, GR(Aegean Islands), H, HR, I<\/span>, I(Si), L, LT, LV, MK, NL, PL, RO, RUS(NR,CR,SR), S, SCG, SK, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea). Northern Africa: <\/strong>TN. Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, KZ, RUS(FS), TM. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> CY?, IL, IR, RL, SYR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Peters (1978a); Radoszkowski (1887a: 280).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>fracticornis <\/strong><\/em>P\u00e9rez, 1895<\/span><\/h3>\n

1895 Osmia fracticornis<\/strong><\/em> P\u00e9rez, Esp\u00e8ces nouvelles de mellif\u00e8res de Barbarie, p. 10. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) fracticornis<\/em> P\u00e9rez in Friese (1911b: 126). Combination Osmia rufa fracticornis<\/em> P\u00e9rez in Peters (1978a: 295).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> E(Ba), I(Sa), I(Si). Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ<\/span>, MA, TN.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Peters (1978a).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) cerinthidis <\/em><\/strong>Morawitz, 1875<\/span><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia cerinthidis<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 12: 41. Type material<\/span>: f(f), “Borshom” [Georgia], ZIN (St. Petersburg).-Combination Osmia (Ceratosmia) cerinthidis<\/em> Morawitz in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 19 [885]). Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) rufa<\/em> cerinthidis<\/em> Morawitz in Friese (1911b: 126).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, ARM, AZ, BG, CZ, D, F, GE<\/span>, GR, H, HR, I, I(Si), MK, PL, RO, RUS(SR), SK, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea); B<\/span>. <\/em>Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC?. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al. (2004);Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Ducke (1900, as Osmia rufa var. cerinthidis<\/em>); Medvedeva (1978); Peters (1978a); Scheuchl (1996); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Wu (2006).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: drilled borings in wooden blocks; hollow stems (e.g. Phragmites<\/em>); abandoned brood cells of Anthophora <\/em>in vertical cliffs. Nesting material: <\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Olifir, 1980; Rozen and \u00f4zbek, 2005; Ivanov et al., 2019)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Boraginaceae with a strong preference for Cerinthe<\/em> (Boraginaceae) (Amiet et al., 2004; Westrich, 1989; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>cerinthidis <\/strong><\/em>Morawitz, 1875<\/span><\/h3>\n

1875 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, ARM, AZ, CZ, D, F, GE<\/span>, GR, H, HR, I, MK, PL, RUS(SR), SK, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea).Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Peters (1978a).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>crassiclypeata <\/strong><\/em>Peters, 1978<\/span><\/h3>\n

1978 Osmia (Osmia) cerinthidis crassiclypeata<\/strong><\/em> Peters, Senckenbergiana Biologica (Frankfurt), 58: 299. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Palermo” [Italy: Sicily], Schwarz Collection (Ansfelden).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>I(Si)<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) cornifrons <\/em><\/strong>(Radoszkowski, 1887)<\/span><\/h3>\n

1887 Chalicodoma cornifrons<\/strong><\/em> Radoszkowski, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 21: 430. Type material<\/span>: f(f), “Kor\u00e9e” [Korea].-Combination Osmia (Ceratosmia) cornifrons<\/em> (Radoszkowski) in Gussakovskij (1932: 61).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>J, RC, ROK, RUS(FS); Korea<\/span>. <\/em>Extralimital: <\/strong>Nearctic (USA) [Introduced].<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Romankova (1984, 1985b: 943-944, 1995); Wu (2006); Yasumatsu and Hirashima (1950).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: insect borings in dead wood; hollow stems (e.g. Conium, Phragmites<\/em>, bamboo) and straw tubes; space between a folded newspaper. Nesting material: <\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud. In large cavities, cells are irregularly arranged with cell walls partially or entirely built of mud. (Hirashima, 1973; Kitamura and Maeta, 1969; Maeta, 1969, 1978; Rust, 1974; Yamada et al., 1971)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources include plants belonging to 9 different families; flowers of Fabaceae are important pollen hosts (Quest, 2009; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) cornuta <\/em><\/strong>(Latreille, 1805)<\/span><\/h3>\n

1805 Megachile cornuta<\/strong><\/em> Latreille, Histoire Naturelle des Crustac\u00e9s et des Insectes, vol. 14: 59 [not seen]. Type material<\/span>: [France]. Combination Osmia (Ceratosmia) cornuta<\/em> (Latreille) in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 19 [885]). Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) cornuta<\/em> (Latreille) in Friese (1911b: 127).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> A, AND, ARM, AZ, B, BG, BIH, BY, CH, CZ, D, DK, E, E(Ba), F<\/span>, F(Co), FL, GB, GE, GR, GR(Aegean Islands, Cr), H, HR, I, I(Sa), I(Si), L, MK, NL, P, PL, RO, RUS(SR), S, SCG, SK, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea). Northern Africa:<\/strong> ET, DZ, TN. Northern Asia:<\/strong> KZ, TM; Turkestan. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> CY, IL, IR, RL, SYR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al. (2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Medvedeva (1978); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); Peters (1978a); Radoszkowski (1887a: 291-292); Scheuchl (1996); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: drilled borings in wooden blocks; hollow stems (e.g. Phragmites<\/em>, bamboo) and drilled borings in pithy stems; crevices and holes in walls, rocks or stones; insect burrows in the soil (e.g. of Anthophora<\/em>); glass tubes; empty snail shells (e.g. of Zonites algirus<\/em>). Nesting material:<\/strong> Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud. In larger cavities, cells are partially or entirely made of mud. (Benoist, 1931; Brechtel, 1986; Friese, 1923; Gogala, 1999; Graeffe, 1902; Mavromoustakis, 1948c; M\u00fcller et al., 1997; Olifir, 1980; Popovici-Baznosanu, 1909; Stoeckhert, 1933; Tasei, 1973; Vicens, Bosch and Blas, 1993; Westrich, 1989; Ivanov et al., 2019; G. Le Goff, personal obervation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources include plants belonging to 13 different families; flowers of Rosaceae are the most important pollen hosts (Amiet et al., 2004; Westrich, 1989; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies<\/span> cornuta <\/strong><\/em>(Latreille, 1805)<\/span><\/h3>\n

1805 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> A, AND, B, BG, BIH, BY, CH, CZ, D, DK, E, E(Ba), F<\/span>, F(Co), FL, GR, H, HR, I, I(Sa), I(Si), L, MK, NL, P, PL, RO, RUS(SR), S, SCG, SK, SLO, UA, UA(Crimea). Northern Africa:<\/strong> DZ, TN. Northern Asia:<\/strong> KZ.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Peters (1978a).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>divergens <\/strong><\/em>Friese, 1920<\/span><\/h3>\n

1920 Osmia divergens<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift (Berlin), 1920: 51. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Peters (1978a: 304), “Turkestan” [Turkestan], ZMHB (Berlin).-Combination Osmia (Osmia) cornuta<\/em> divergens<\/em> Friese in Peters (1978a: 304).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>TM; Turkestan<\/span>. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Peters (1978a).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies<\/span> neoregaena <\/strong><\/em>Mavromoustakis, 1938<\/span><\/h3>\n

1938 Osmia neoregaena<\/strong><\/em> Mavromoustakis, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (London), ser. 11, 2: 471. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Saittas, 2500 ft” [Cyprus], DAAN (Nicosia); paratypes mm, ff.-Combination Osmia (Osmia) cornuta neoregaena<\/em> Mavromoustakis in Peters (1978a: 304).<\/p>\n

Distribution- Europe: <\/strong>GR(Lesbos). Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> CY<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Peters (1978a).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>quasirufa <\/strong><\/em>Peters, 1978<\/span><\/h3>\n

1978 Osmia (Osmia) cornuta quasirufa<\/strong><\/em> Peters, Senckenbergiana Biologica (Frankfurt), 58: 303. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Kingi (Maryut, sw von Alexandria) im Garten” [Egypt], SMFD (Frankfurt); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM, AZ, GE, GR(Chios, Cr?). <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>ET<\/span>. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IR, RL, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) cyrenaica <\/em><\/strong>Peters, 1978<\/span><\/h3>\n

1978 Osmia (Osmia) cyrenaica<\/strong><\/em> Peters, Senckenbergiana Biologica (Frankfurt), 58: 308. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Cyrenaica, Cyrene, 1800 feet” [Libya], BMNH (London); paratype m.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa:<\/strong> <\/em>LAR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) excavata<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>Alfken, 1903<\/span><\/h3>\n

1903 Osmia (Chalcosmia) excavata<\/strong><\/em> Alfken, Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 3: 210. Type material<\/span>: f(f), “Tokio” [Japan], ZMHB (Berlin).<\/p>\n

1911 Osmia<\/em> mitsukurii<\/em><\/strong> Cockerell, Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 39: 639. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, [Japan], USNM (Washington).-Synonymy in Yasumatsu and Hirashima (1950: 3).<\/p>\n

1931 Osmia (Pachyosmia)<\/em> heudei<\/em><\/strong> Cockerell, American Museum Novitates, 466: 2. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Zi-ka-wei” [China], AMNH (New York).-Synonymy in Yasumatsu and Hirashima (1950: 3).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> <\/em>J<\/span>, RC, ROK.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> <\/strong>Wu (2006); Yasumatsu and Hirashima (1950).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: insect borings in dead wood; hollow stems (e.g. Phragmites<\/em>, bamboo) and straw tubes. Nesting material: <\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud. (Hirashima, 1957, 1958, 1973; Kitamura and Maeta, 1969; Maeta, 1978)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources include plants belonging to 7 different families; flowers of Brassicaceae are the most important pollen hosts (Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) kohl<\/em><\/strong>ii <\/em><\/strong>Ducke, 1899<\/span><\/h3>\n

1899 Osmia kohlii<\/strong><\/em> Ducke, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 213. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Peters (1978a: 306), “Sicilien” [Italy: Sicily], NMW (Wien); paralectotypes mm, ff.-Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) kohli<\/em> Ducke in Friese (1911b: 127).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>I(Si<\/span> and adjacent Calabrian mainland), M; F(Co)<\/span>. <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ?.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Peters (1978a).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources include plants belonging to 11 different families; flowers containing no or very little nectar, such as Papaver<\/em> (Papaveraceae), Ranunculus<\/em> (Ranunculaceae) or Cistaceae, are important pollen hosts (Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) longicornis <\/em><\/strong>Morawitz, 1875<\/span><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia longicornis<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 78. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1969a: 343), “Taschkent” [Uzbekistan], ZMHB (Berlin); paralectotype m.-Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) longicornis<\/em> Morawitz in Friese (1911b: 125).<\/p>\n

Distribution- Europe: <\/strong>Caucasus. Northern Asia: <\/strong>TJ, UZ<\/span>. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>AFG, PAK.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Peters (1978a); Romankova (1985b: 943-944); Tkalcu (1969a: 343).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Probably polylectic; the few available pollen samples contained pollen of Rosaceae and Salix<\/em> (Salicaceae) (Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) opima <\/em><\/strong>Romankova, 1985<\/span><\/h3>\n

1985 Osmia (Osmia) opima<\/strong><\/em> Romankova, Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal (Moscow), 64: 942. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “Primorye, 14 km north of the village Kievka” [Russia]<\/p>\n

2004 Osmia (Osmia) yanbianense<\/strong><\/em> Wu, Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 29: 532. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Jilin, Yanbian (42.9\u252c\u2591N, 129.5\u252c\u2591E)” [China], IZCAS (Beijing); paratype f.-New synonymy based on Branstetter et al. (2021) and type material.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC(NE), RC(NO), ROK, RUS<\/u>(FS).<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Romankova (1995); Wu (2006).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-<\/strong>Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: insect burrows in dead wood. Nesting material: <\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud. (Romankova, 1985b)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic (T. Romankova, personal communication).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) pedicornis <\/em><\/strong>Cockerell, 1919<\/span><\/h3>\n

1919 Osmia (Pachyosmia) pedicornis<\/strong><\/em> Cockerell, Proceedings of the United States National Museum (Washinton), 55: 182. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Soochow” [China], USNM (Washington); paratype m.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>J, RC<\/u>(CE), ROK, RUS(FS).<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Romankova (1994: 123, 1995); Wu (2006); Yasumatsu and Hirashima (1950).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: insect burrows in dead wood; hollow stems (e.g. Phragmites<\/em>, bamboo) and straw tubes. Nesting material: <\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud. (Hirashima, 1958; Kitamura and Maeta, 1969; Maeta, 1969, 1978)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources include plants belonging to 7 different families; flowers containing no or very little nectar, such as Quercus<\/em> (Fabaceae), Ranunculus<\/em> (Ranunculaceae) or Juglans<\/em> (Juglandaceae), are important pollen hosts (Quest, 2009; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) <\/em><\/strong>quadricornuta<\/em><\/strong> Wu, 2004<\/span><\/h3>\n

2004 Osmia quadricornuta<\/strong><\/em> Wu, Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 29: 531. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Yunnan, Kunming Xishan (25\u252c\u2591N, 102.2\u252c\u2591E), 2100 m” [China], IZCAS (Beijing); paratype m.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>RC(SW)<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Wu (2006).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) rufina<\/em><\/strong> Cockerell, 1931<\/span><\/h3>\n

1931 Osmia (Pachyosmia) rufina<\/strong><\/em> Cockerell, American Museum Novitates (New York), 466: 3. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Z\u00f2-S\u00e8” [China], AMNH (New York).<\/p>\n

2004 Osmia rufinoides<\/strong><\/em> Wu, Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 29: 532. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Shanghai” [China], IZCAS (Beijing); paratypes ff.-New synonymy based on Branstetter et al. (2021).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong>RC<\/span>, <\/em>RC(CE)<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Wu (2006).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) taurus <\/em><\/strong>Smith, 1873<\/span><\/h3>\n

1873 Osmia Taurus<\/strong><\/em> Smith, Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1873: 201. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f),”Hiogo” [Japan], BMNH (London).<\/p>\n

1911 Osmia<\/em> matsumurae<\/em><\/strong> Cockerell, Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 39: 640. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Sapporo” [Japan], USNM (Washington).-Synonymy in Yasumatsu and Hirashima (1950: 2).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>J<\/u>, RC, ROK, RUS(FS).<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Romankova (1984, 1995); Wu (2006); Yasumatsu and Hirashima (1950).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: insect burrows in dead wood; hollow stems (e.g. Phragmites<\/em>, bamboo) and straw tubes. Nesting material:<\/strong> Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud. (Kitamura and Maeta, 1969; Maeta, 1969, 1978)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources include plants belonging to 9 different families; flowers containing no or very little nectar, such as Juglans<\/em> (Juglandaceae), Quercus<\/em> (Fabaceae) or Liquidambar<\/em> (Altingiaceae), are important pollen hosts (Quest, 2009; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) tricornis <\/em><\/strong>Latreille, 1811<\/span><\/h3>\n

1811 Osmia tricornis<\/strong><\/em> Latreille, Encyclop\u00e9die M\u00e9thodique, Histoire Naturelle, Insectes, vol. 8, p. 575. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “environs d’Aix, Montpellier” [France].-Combination Osmia (Ceratosmia) tricornis<\/em> Latreille in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 19 [885]). Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) tricornis<\/em> Latreille in Friese (1911b: 126).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> AND, E, E(Ba), F<\/span>, F(Co), I, I(Sa), P. Northern Africa:<\/strong> DZ, E(Ca), LAR, MA, TN.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Peters (1978a); Radoszkowski (1887a: 292); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: insect burrows in dead wood and drilled borings in wooden blocks; hollow stems (e.g. Phragmites<\/em>); insect burrows in the ground; empty snail shell (Cepaea<\/em>) in the fissure of a stone wall; abandoned cells in exposed nests of Chalicodoma<\/em>. Nesting material: <\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud. (Benoist, 1931; O’Toole and Raw, 1991; Vicens et al., 1993, 1994; A. M\u00fcller, personal observation)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources include plants belonging to 12 different families; flowers of Cistaceae and to a lesser extent Papaver<\/em> (Papaveraceae) are the two most important pollen hosts, both of which contain no or very little nectar (Vicens et al., 1994; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

emarginata<\/em> species group<\/span> (“Aceratosmia<\/em>“)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Osmia (Osmia) emarginata <\/em><\/strong>Lepeletier, 1841<\/span><\/h3>\n

1841 Osmia emarginata<\/strong><\/em> Lepeletier, Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, Hym\u00e9nopt\u00e8res, vol. 2, p. 317 [not seen]. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Bois du V\u00e9sinet, pr\u00e8s Saint-Germain-en-Laye” [France], MNHN (Paris). Type species<\/span> of Aceratosmia<\/em> Schmiedeknecht.-Combination Osmia (Aceratosmia) emarginata<\/em> Lepeletier in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 19 [885]). Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) emarginata<\/em> Lepeletier in Friese (1911b: 125).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E, F<\/span>, F(Co), I, I(Sa), P, SCG<\/del>. <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA, <\/em>TN.<\/em> Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900, incl. Osmia mustelina<\/em>); Peters (1978a); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886, incl. Osmia mustelina<\/em>); Tkalcu (1971). Misapplication:<\/strong> Historically often confounded with Osmia mustelina<\/em> Gerstaecker, see Tkalcu (1971).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: fissures between stones and cavities in rocks and stones; metal tubes. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells, which are built side by side, are entirely built from chewed leaves. The outermost layer of the nest consists of empty cells. Often, several females communally nest in the same fissure or cavity. Cleptoparasite:<\/strong> Stelis franconica<\/em>. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Benoist, 1931; Deleurance, 1949; Ferton, 1901a; Genoud and Dufr\u00eane, 2017; Tkalcu, 1971; Weigand, 2010, as Osmia mustelina<\/em>)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; known pollen sources are Echium<\/em> (Boraginaceae), Cistaceae, Fabaceae, Papaver<\/em> (Papaveraceae) and Lamiaceae (Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>emarginata <\/strong><\/em>Lepeletier, 1841<\/span><\/h3>\n

1841 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E, F<\/span>, F(Co), I, I(Sa), P, SCG<\/del>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Peters (1978a).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>infuscata <\/strong><\/em>Peters, 1978<\/span><\/h3>\n

1928 Osmia emarginata fusca<\/strong> <\/em>Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc (Rabat), 8: 215. NOMEN PRAEOCCUPATUM [not Apis fusca<\/em> Christ, 1791; not Osmia fusca<\/em> Gistel, 1857]. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), \u201eMoyen Atlas, au sud de Taza: Tizi n\u2019Bouft\u00e8ne (2300 m), Tasrah des Ighezrane (2300 m)\u201c [Morocco], MNHN (Paris).<\/p>\n

1978 Osmia emarginata infuscata<\/strong><\/em> Peters, Senckenbergiana Biologica (Frankfurt), 58: 310. NOMEN NOVUM with same type specimen for preoccupied Osmia emarginata fusca<\/em> Benoist, 1928 [not Apis fusca<\/em> Christ, 1791; not Osmia fusca<\/em> Gistel, 1857].<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>DZ, MA<\/span>, TN.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Tkalcu (1971).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) fedtschenkoi <\/em><\/strong>Morawitz, 1875<\/span><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia Fedtschenkoi<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 81. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “prope Samarkand” [Uzbekistan].-Combination Osmia (Chalcosmia) fedtschenkoi <\/em>Morawitz in Friese (1911b: 114). Combination Osmia (Aceratosmia) fedtschenkoi<\/em> Morawitz in Tkalcu (1969a: 340).<\/p>\n

1904 Osmia<\/em> (Ceratosmia)<\/em> balucha<\/em><\/strong> Nurse, Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 15: 573. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1969a: 341), “Quetta” [Pakistan], BMNH (London); paralectotype m.-Synonymy in Tkalcu (1969a: 340).<\/p>\n

1930 Osmia<\/em> usbekistana<\/em><\/strong> Cockerell, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 10, 5: 408. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1969a: 341), “Tashkent” [Uzbekistan], BMNH (London).-Synonymy in Tkalcu (1969a: 340).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ, TJ, TM, UZ<\/span>. <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>AFG, PAK.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Peters (1978a); Tkalcu (1969a: 341-342).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: insect burrows in dead wood and drilled borings in wooden blocks; hollow stems (e.g. Arundo<\/em>); insect burrows in the soil (e.g. of Anthophora<\/em>). Nesting material: <\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud. In larger cavities, cells are irregularly arranged with cell walls partially or entirely built of mud. (Beiko, 1987; Nurse, 1904; Ponomareva, 1958)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic with a strong preference for Fabaceae; other known pollen sources are Rosaceae, Brassicaceae, Lonicera<\/em> (Caprifoliaceae) and Salix<\/em> (Salicaceae) (Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) melanocephala <\/em><\/strong>Morawitz, 1875<\/span><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia melanocephala<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 80. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “in valle Sarafschan” [Tajikistan].-Combination Osmia (Pachyosmia) melanocephala<\/em> Morawitz in Friese (1911b: 124). Combination Osmia (Aceratosmia) melanocephala<\/em> Morawitz in Tkalcu (1969a: 340).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia: <\/strong>KS, KZ, MGL, RC, TJ<\/span>, TM, UZ; RUS<\/del>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Peters (1978a); Radoszkowski (1886: 13); Tkalcu (1995: 142); Wu (2006); Zanden (1996b: 895).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic with a strong preference for Fabaceae; other known pollen sources are Rosaceae, Monokots, Lonicera<\/em> (Caprifoliaceae) and Boraginaceae (Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) mustelina <\/em><\/strong>Gerstaecker, 1869<\/span><\/h3>\n

1869 Osmia mustelina<\/strong><\/em> Gerstaecker, Entomologische Zeitung (Stettin), 30: 348. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1971: 225), “Franken (bei Culmbach)” [Germany], ZMHB (Berlin); paralectotype f.-Combination Osmia (Aceratosmia) mustelina<\/em> Gerstaecker in Tkalcu (1969a: 340).-Synonymy with Osmia emarginata<\/em> Lepeletier in Friese (1911b: 125), rejected by Tkalcu (1971).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, ARM, AZ, B, BG, BIH, CH, CZ, D<\/span>, FL, GE, GR, GR(Aegean Islands), H, HR, I, I(Si), L, MK, PL, RO, RUS(SR), SCG, SK, SLO, UA(Crimea). Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IR, RL, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al.(2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Ducke (1900, incl. Osmia emarginata<\/em>); Medvedeva (1978, as Osmia emarginata<\/em>); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958, as Osmia emarginata<\/em>); Peters (1978a); Scheuchl (1996); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886, incl. Osmia emarginata<\/em>); Tkalcu (1971; 1974b: 339-340). Misapplication:<\/strong> Historically often confounded with Osmia emarginata<\/em> Lepeletier, see Tkalcu (1971).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: fissures between stones and cavities in rocks, stones and walls; rarely in hollow stems or in abandoned cells of Megachile (Chalicodoma) parietina.<\/em> Nesting material:<\/strong> The cells, which are built side by side, entirely consist of chewed leaves (e.g. of Helianthemum, Cytisus<\/em>). While in larger cavities the entire cells are built from leaf pulp, only the side walls are built in narrow cavities. The outermost layer of the nest consists of empty cells. Often, several females communally nest in the same fissure or cavity. (Banaszak and Romasenko, 2001; Bonelli, 1967; Friese, 1895, 1923; Grandi, 1964; M\u00fcller et al., 1997; Stoeckhert, 1933; Westrich, 1989)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; known pollen sources are Fabaceae, Papaver<\/em> (Papaveraceae), Cistaceae, Boraginaceae (Echium, Anchusa<\/em>) and four other plant families (Amiet et al., 2004; Westrich, 1989; Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>griseohirta <\/strong><\/em>Alfken, 1935<\/span><\/h3>\n

1935 Osmia emarginata griseohirta<\/strong><\/em> Alfken, Mitteilungen aus dem Entomologischen Verein in Bremen, 23: 23. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Tkalcu (1971), “Elburs, Pish-Kuh” [Iran], ZMHB (Berlin).-Combination Osmia (Osmia) mustelina griseohirta<\/em> Alfken in Tkalcu (1971: 226).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> ARM, AZ, GE, GR. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> IR<\/span>, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Peters (1978a); Tkalcu (1971).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>mustelina <\/strong><\/em>Gerstaecker, 1869<\/span><\/h3>\n

1869 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>A, B, CH, BG, BIH, CZ, D<\/span>, FL, GR, H, HR, I, L, MK, PL, RUS, SCG, SK, SLO, UA(Crimea). <\/em>Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, RL, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Peters (1978a).<\/p>\n

– <\/span><\/em>subspecies <\/span>umbrosa <\/strong><\/em>Peters, 1978<\/span><\/h3>\n

1978 Osmia (Osmia) mustelina umbrosa<\/strong><\/em> Peters, Senckenbergiana Biologica (Frankfurt), 58: 313. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Palermo” [Italy: Sicily], SMFD (Frankfurt); paratypes ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>I, I(Si)<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) mutensis<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>Peters, 1978<\/span><\/h3>\n

1978 Osmia (Osmia) mutensis<\/strong><\/em> Peters, Senckenbergiana Biologica (Frankfurt), 58: 315. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Mut, Sertavul, 1600 m” [Turkey], SMFD (Frankfurt).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> <\/em>TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: <\/strong>Male unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Osmia (Osmia) nigrohirta <\/em><\/strong>Friese, 1899<\/span><\/h3>\n

1899 Osmia bicolor nigrohirta<\/strong><\/em> Friese, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 25: 25. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Poros” [Greece], ZMHB (Berlin).-Combination Osmia (Aceratosmia) nigrohirta<\/em> Friese in Tkalcu (1969a: 340).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>AL, ARM, AZ, GR<\/span>, MK; Caucasus. Northern Asia:<\/strong> TM. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IR, RL, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); Peters (1978a); Tkalcu (1974b: 339-340).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; known pollen sources are Fabaceae (e.g. Onobrychis<\/em>), Echium<\/em> (Boraginaceae), Lamiaceae, Cistaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae and four other plant families (Haider et al., 2013).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The subgenus Osmia Panzer is distributed both in the Palaearctic and the Nearctic region. It contains 27 described species, 25 of which occur in the Palaearctic. The North American species Osmia lignaria Say, which has been introduced at one locality in Spain (Ortiz-S\u00e1nchez, 2011), is not listed below. Due to the close morphological resemblance, the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1092,"featured_media":0,"parent":46,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2683","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2683","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1092"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2683"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2683\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7425,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2683\/revisions\/7425"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/46"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2683"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}