{"id":164,"date":"2009-01-22T00:09:28","date_gmt":"2009-01-21T23:09:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpethzprd.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/?page_id=164"},"modified":"2025-12-27T11:23:42","modified_gmt":"2025-12-27T10:23:42","slug":"tergosmia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/palaearctic-species\/osmia\/tergosmia\/","title":{"rendered":"Subgenus Tergosmia"},"content":{"rendered":"

The subgenus Tergosmia<\/em> Warncke is confined to the Palaearctic region. It contains 8 described species.<\/p>\n

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Five brood cells of Osmia (Tergosmia) tergestensis<\/em> Ducke, 1897 built from petals and mud and hidden between the blades of a dense grass tussocks; the grass blades were removed to make the cells visible. Foto A. M\u00fcller.<\/span><\/h5>\n

Species accounts<\/h3>\n

Osmia (Tergosmia) avosetta<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>Warncke, 1988<\/span><\/h3>\n

1988 Osmia (Tergosmia) avosetta<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Entomofauna (Ansfelden), 9: 394. Type material: Holotype f, “Er\u00e7ek\/Van” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff. Type species of Ozbekosmia<\/em> Zanden.-Combination Osmia (Heterosmia) avosetta<\/em> Warncke in Tkalcu (1993a: 56). Combination Osmia (Ozbekosmia) avosetta<\/em> Warncke in Zanden (1994a), Michener (2007) and Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> <\/em>IR, JOR, RL, SYR, TR<\/u>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> <\/strong>M\u00fcller (2020); Zanden (1994a: 168).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows (3-7cm deep) in rather loose, sandy to gravelly ground with usually one vertically oriented cell at the end of the burrow, rarely with two cells immediately beside each other. Whether the short and 6\u20137 mm wide entrance burrow leading to the brood cell(s) remains open after cell closure is unclear, but indications exist that the females do not actively fill it with soil or other particles. Nesting material<\/strong>:<\/strong> The cells, which range in depth from 1.5\u20135cm and have a length of 15\u201317.5mm and a diameter of 7\u20139mm, are distinctly three-layered with a thin mud layer sandwiched between two layers of large petal pieces of Hedysarum<\/em>, Onobrychis<\/em> (both Fabaceae) or other plant taxa. Brood parasites:<\/strong> probably Sapyga pulcherrima<\/em> Morawitz (Sapygidae).<\/strong> (Rozen et al<\/em>. 2010).<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Fabaceae; exclusive pollen hosts are species of Hedysareae (e.g. Hedysarum<\/em>, Onobrychis<\/em>). (M\u00fcller, 2020; \u00f4zbek & Zanden 1992; Rozen et al. 2010)<\/p>\n

Osmia (Tergosmia) lunata <\/em><\/strong>Benoist, 1928<\/span><\/h3>\n

1928 Osmia lunata<\/strong><\/em> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc (Rabat), 8: 213. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1985: 53), “environs de Rabat” [Morocco], MNHN (Paris); paralectotype m.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) lunata<\/em> (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 53).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>E, F, P. <\/em>Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Benoist (1931); M\u00fcller (2020); Warncke (1988b); Zanden (1985: 54).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Excavated burrows in the ground. The burrow entrances are usually hidden under small shrublets. For each cell, a more or less vertical burrow (1.5cm deep) is excavated in rather hard soil. Up to 10 cells are built immediately beside each other separated by few millimeters only. The cells of a single nest – when removed from the soil – partly adhere to each other by small earthen bridges. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells (ca. 1.5cm long) are entirely built of petals (e.g. of Helianthemum<\/em>) and mud. The cell walls are usually three-layered: the outer layer consists of small to large petal pieces glued together with mud, rarely with small pebbles as well; the central layer consists of a thin layer of mud, which is sometimes only weakly developed; the inner layer is composed of 6-10 layers of large petal pieces without any addition of mud. After egg deposition, the cell is closed by folding over the inner layer of petals. Afterwards, the cell cap is built which is composed of two layers: the inner layer is rather thick and consists of small petal pieces glued together with mud and small pebbles; the outer layer consists of a thin wall of petal pieces neatly glued together. Occasionally, the cell cap is rather three-layered with an inner layer of small petal pieces, a central layer of mud and small pebbles and an outer layer composed of a thin wall of petal pieces. In the end, the cell cap is hidden under a thin and loose layer of sand and small pebbles. (M\u00fcller, 2020; Rozen et al., 2010)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Fabaceae with strong preference for Loteae (e.g. Lotus<\/em>, Hippocrepis<\/em>). (M\u00fcller, 2020; Rozen et al., 2010)<\/p>\n

tergestensis <\/u><\/em>species group<\/u><\/h3>\n

Osmia (Tergosmia) agilis <\/em><\/strong>Morawitz, 1875<\/span><\/h3>\n

1875 Osmia agilis<\/strong><\/em> Morawitz, Travel to Turkestan by A. P. Fedtschenko, p. 88. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1991a: 48), “Tschardara” [Kazakhstan], ZMUM (Moscow); paralectotypes mm, ff.-Combination Osmia (Chalcosmia) agilis<\/em> Morawitz in Friese (1911b: 110). Combination Osmia (Diceratosmia) agilis<\/em> Morawitz in Tkalcu (1969a: 333). Combination Osmia (Caerulosmia) agilis<\/em> Morawitz in Zanden (1988b: 123).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Asia:<\/strong> KS, KZ<\/span>, TJ, TM, UZ.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Ducke (1900); M\u00fcller (2020); Warncke (1992b: 917); Zanden (1991a).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Probably polylectic with strong preference for Fabaceae; pollen hosts among the Fabaceae are species of Hedysareae (e.g. Onobrychis<\/em>) and other tribes. Additional plant families recorded in small quantities in the pollen loads analysed were Brassicaceae, Papaveraceae and Asteraceae (Asteroideae, Cichorioideae). The females of O. agilis<\/em> possess long and apically curved bristles on the galeae of the proboscis. Such specialized bristles have evolved in several bee taxa for scraping pollen out of flowers which have their anthers concealed within narrow tubes (M\u00fcller 1995, 2006; Parker & Tepedino 1982; Thorp 1979, 2000). However, none of the pollen hosts recorded for O. agilis<\/em> so far possesses narrow-tubed flowers, rendering the function of these specialized bristles enigmatic. (M\u00fcller, 2020)<\/p>\n

Osmia (Tergosmia) glareola <\/em><\/strong>Warncke, 1988<\/span><\/h3>\n

1988 Osmia (Tergosmia) glareola<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Entomofauna (Ansfelden), 9: 393. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Er\u00e7ek\/Van” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes m(m), f(f).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IR, JOR, SYR, TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>M\u00fcller (2020).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Fabaceae; pollen hosts are species of Hedysareae (e.g. Onobrychis<\/em>) and other Fabaceae tribes. (M\u00fcller, 2020)<\/p>\n

Osmia (Tergosmia) mirhiji <\/em><\/strong>Mavromoustakis, 1957<\/span><\/h3>\n

1957 Osmia<\/em> (Chalcosmia<\/em>) mirhiji<\/em> Mavromoustakis, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (London), ser. 12, 9: 858. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Hammana” [Lebanon], DAAN (Nicosia); paratypes m, f.-Combination Metallinella mirhiji<\/em> (Mavromoustakis) in Zanden (1988b: 123), rejected by Zanden (1992b: 69). Combination Osmia<\/em> (Helicosmia<\/em>) mirhiji<\/em> Mavromoustakis in Ungricht et al. (2008).-Synonymy with Osmia brevicornis leucogastra<\/em> Morawitz in Warncke (1991d: 284), rejected by Zanden (1992b: 69).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> GR(Lesbos). Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, RL, SYR, TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions:<\/strong> Zanden (1992b: 69).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology:<\/strong> Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Osmia (Tergosmia) pratincola <\/em><\/strong>Warncke, 1988<\/span><\/h3>\n

1988 Osmia (Tergosmia) pratincola<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Entomofauna (Ansfelden), 9: 392. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “20 km N Patnos\/Agri, 1650 m” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes m(m), f(f).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>TR<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>M\u00fcller (2020).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Unknown; one pollen load consisted of pollen of Fabaceae (M\u00fcller, 2020).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Tergosmia) rhodoensis <\/em><\/strong>(Zanden, 1983)<\/span><\/h3>\n

1983 Anthocopa rhodoensis<\/strong><\/em> Zanden, Faunistische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 10: 126. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Profitis Ilias, Rhodos” [Greece], RMNH (Leiden); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

1988 Osmia (Tergosmia) rhodoensis ferina<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Entomofauna (Ansfelden), 9: 391. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Delphi” [Greece], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm.-Synonymy in M\u00fcller (2020).<\/p>\n

1988 Osmia (Tergosmia) rhodoensis arquata<\/strong><\/em> Warncke, Entomofauna (Ansfelden), 9: 391. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “s\u00fcdlich Rize, 1800 m” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.-Synonymy in M\u00fcller (2020).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe: <\/strong>ARM, AZ, GR<\/span>,<\/em>GR(Aegean Islands). Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL, IR, JOR, RL, SYR, TR.<\/em><\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>M\u00fcller (2020); Warncke (1988b).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: holes and fissures in rocks and stones. The nests contain one to several brood cells, which are constructed closely beside each other and completely hidden within the cavity. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells, which are neither glued to the substrate nor to adjacent cells, are three-layered with a thin mud layer sandwiched between two layers of large petal pieces of Geranium <\/em>(Geraniaceae), Linum<\/em> (Linaceae) and possibly other plant taxa. (M\u00fcller, 2020; Warncke 1988; Rozen et al. 2010)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic with strong preference for Fabaceae; pollen hosts among the Fabaceae are species of Hedysareae (e.g. Onobrychis<\/em>), Trifolieae (e.g. Trifolium<\/em>), Galegeae (e.g. Astragalus<\/em>), Loteae (e.g. Lotus<\/em>) and other tribes. Additional plant families exploited for pollen are Resedaceae, Campanulaceae, Brassicaceae and Asteraceae (Asteroideae, Cichorioideae). The pollen provision of one brood cell from Jordan contained a mixture of pollen of Campanulaceae, Fabaceae (three types including Onobrychis<\/em>), Resedaceae and Asteraceae (Asteroideae, Cichorioideae). (M\u00fcller, 2020; Rozen et al. 2010).<\/p>\n

Osmia (Tergosmia) tergestensis <\/em><\/strong>Ducke, 1897<\/span><\/h3>\n

1897 Osmia tergestensis<\/strong><\/em> Ducke, Entomologische Nachrichten (Berlin), 23: 41. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Zanden (1983: 125), “Triest” [Italy], ZMHB (Berlin); paralectotype m. Type species<\/span> of Tergosmia<\/em> Warncke.-Combination Osmia (Osmia) tergestensis<\/em> Ducke in Friese (1911b: 91). Combination Anthocopa tergestensis<\/em> (Ducke) in Zanden (1983: 125).<\/p>\n

1897 Osmia ononidis<\/strong><\/em> Ferton, Actes de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Linn\u00e9enne de Bordeaux, 52: 44. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1979: 319), “Massenenie” [France], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Osmia (Tergosmia) tergestensis ononidis<\/em> Ferton in Warncke (1988b: 392). Synonymy in M\u00fcller (2020).<\/p>\n

1902 Osmia<\/em> Rondoui<\/em><\/strong> P\u00e9rez, Proc\u00e8s-verbaux de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Linn\u00e9enne de Bordeaux, 57: 66. Type material<\/span>: Lectotype f, by designation of Tkalcu (1979: 329), “G\u00e8dre” [France], MNHN (Paris).-Synonymy in Warncke (1988b: 392).<\/p>\n

1922 Osmia<\/em> wolhynica<\/em><\/strong> Noskiewicz, Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 1: 9. Type material<\/span>: Syntypes mm, “L\u00f6sstal bei Krasny Staw in der N\u00e4he von Lublin” [Poland].-Synonymy in Warncke (1988b: 392).<\/p>\n

1934 Osmia<\/em> atlantica<\/em><\/strong> Benoist, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Entomologique de France, 39: 107. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Asni” [Morocco], MNHN (Paris).-Synonymy in Zanden (1985: 63).<\/p>\n

1979 Anthocopa<\/em> tergestensis remota<\/strong><\/em> Tkalcu, Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca (Praha), 76: 320. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “O-T\u00fcrkei” [Turkey], EMET (Erzurum); paratypes mm, ff.-Synonymy in Warncke (1988b: 392).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Europe:<\/strong> A, BG, CH, CZ, E, F, GE, GR, GR(Aegean Islands), H, HR, I<\/span>, P, PL, RO, RUS(SR), SK, SLO, UA(Crimea). Northern Africa:<\/strong> MA; ET?. Northern Asia: <\/strong>KZ. Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> TR.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>Amiet et al. (2004); Banaszak and Romasenko (2001); Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); M\u00f3cz\u00e1r (1958); M\u00fcller (2020); Scheuchl (1996); Warncke (1988b); Zanden (1983: 126-129).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site: <\/strong>Preexisting cavities: under or between stones, in holes and fissures of rocks and stones, in dense grass tussocks, occasionally also in hollow broken stems of Heracleum <\/em>(Apiaceae). The nests contain one to five brood cells, which are constructed closely beside each other and completely hidden within the cavity. In narrow cavities, the space in front of the cell(s) is sometimes filled with earth fragments up to a length of 0.5cm. Nesting material: <\/strong>The cells, whose orientation varies from horizontal to nearly vertical and which are neither glued to the substrate nor to adjacent cells, are three-layered with a central layer built of mud and small pebbles sandwiched between two layers of large petal pieces of Cistus<\/em> (Cistaceae), Geranium <\/em>(Geraniaceae), Helianthemum <\/em>(Cistaceae), Hieracium <\/em>(Asteraceae), Linum<\/em> (Linaceae), Ononis<\/em> (Fabaceae) and probably other plant taxa. (Benoist 1931; Ferton 1897; Ivanov & Filatov 2008; M\u00fcller et al<\/em>. 1997, 2020; Rozen et al. 2010)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Oligolectic on Fabaceae; pollen hosts are species of Loteae (e.g. Lotus, Hippocrepis<\/em>), Hedysareae (e.g. Onobrychis<\/em>), Genisteae, Galegeae (e.g. Astragalus<\/em>) and other Fabaceae tribes. (M\u00fcller, 2020; \u00f4zbek 1979, 2013; \u00f4zbek & Zanden 1992; Rozen et al. 2010)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The subgenus Tergosmia Warncke is confined to the Palaearctic region. It contains 8 described species. Five brood cells of Osmia (Tergosmia) tergestensis Ducke, 1897 built from petals and mud and hidden between the blades of a dense grass tussocks; the grass blades were removed to make the cells visible. Foto A. M\u00fcller. Species accounts Osmia […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1092,"featured_media":0,"parent":46,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-164","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1092"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=164"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/164\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7335,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/164\/revisions\/7335"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/46"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}