{"id":122,"date":"2009-01-21T23:55:22","date_gmt":"2009-01-21T22:55:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpethzprd.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/?page_id=122"},"modified":"2022-09-29T17:52:48","modified_gmt":"2022-09-29T16:52:48","slug":"microhoplitis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/palaearctic-species\/hoplitis\/microhoplitis\/","title":{"rendered":"Subgenus Tkalcua"},"content":{"rendered":"

The subgenus Tkalcua<\/em> Kocak & Kemal is confined to the Palaearctic region. It contains 4 species.<\/p>\n

\"_DSC0048<\/a><\/p>\n

Female of Hoplitis (Tkalcua) zandeni<\/em><\/span> (Teunissen & van Achterberg, 1992) leaving her nest in an empty snail shell. <\/span>Foto A. M\u00fcller.<\/span><\/h5>\n

Species accounts<\/h3>\n

Hoplitis (Tkalcua) emiratensis <\/em><\/strong>(M\u00fcller, 2016)<\/span><\/h3>\n

2016 Hoplitis <\/em>(Tkalcua<\/em>) emiratensis<\/strong><\/em> M\u00fcller in M\u00fcller and Mauss, Zootaxa, 4127: 112. Type material<\/u>: Holotype m, \u201eWadi Shawkah\u201c [United Arab Emirates], ETHZ (Zurich); paratype m.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Southwestern Asia:<\/strong> UAE<\/u>.<\/p>\n

Identification-Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note:<\/strong> Female unknown.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Tkalcua) paralias <\/em><\/strong>(Mavromoustakis, 1954)<\/span><\/h3>\n

1954 Osmia paralias<\/strong><\/em> Mavromoustakis, Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel, 4: 266. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Bat Yam” [Israel], DAAN (Nicosia); paratypes mm, ff.-Combination Stenosmia paralias<\/em> (Mavromoustakis) in Zanden (1988b: 128), rejected by Warncke (1991b: 402). Combination Hoplitis (Microhoplitis) paralias<\/em> (Mavromoustakis) in Ungricht et al. (2008).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA, TN. Southwestern Asia: <\/strong>IL<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>M\u00fcller and Mauss (2016); <\/strong>Zanden (1992c: 824).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology: <\/strong>Unknown.<\/p>\n

Flower preferences: <\/strong>Polylectic; pollen sources known so far include Genisteae (Fabaceae), Zygophyllaceae and Brassicaceae (M\u00fcller and Mauss, 2016). Flower record: Retama raetam<\/em> (label record).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Tkalcua) sidiifnii <\/em><\/strong>M\u00fcller, 2022<\/span><\/h3>\n

2022 Hoplitis (Tkalcua) sidiifnii<\/strong><\/em> M\u00fcller, Zootaxa, 5188: 285. Type material<\/span>: Holotype f, “Foum Assaka, 35 km SW Sidi Ifni, 0m” [Morocco], ETH (Zurich); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>MA<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Preexisting cavities: snail shells of Theba subdentata meridionalis<\/em> with 2-3 brood cells per shell. Nesting material: <\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug, which is built inside the shell rather than at the shell opening, consist of chewed leaves (e.g. of Heliotropium<\/em>) mixed with numerous sand grains. The shell surface is not plastered with patches of leaf pulp. (M\u00fcller, 2022b)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Polylectic; pollen sources include Lotus<\/em> and other Fabaceae, Heliotropium<\/em> (Boraginaceae) and Frankenia<\/em> (Frankeniaceae) (M\u00fcller, 2022b).<\/p>\n

Male behaviour:<\/strong> Males patrol flowers of Lotus<\/em> and Heliotropium<\/em> in search of females and regularly interrupt their flights by short resting periods on the ground; they sleep singly or in pairs within empty snail shells (M\u00fcller, 2022b).<\/p>\n

Hoplitis (Tkalcua) zandeni <\/em><\/strong>(Teunissen & van Achterberg, 1992) <\/span><\/h3>\n

1992 Osmia zandeni<\/strong><\/em> Teunissen & van Achterberg, Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden), 66: 313. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Puerto del Rosario, Fuerteventura” [Spain: Canary Islands], RMNH (Leiden); paratypes mm, ff.<\/p>\n

1993 Osmia<\/em> (Microhoplitis)<\/em> hohmanni<\/em><\/strong> Tkalcu, Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen des \u00dcbersee-Museum Bremen (Naturwissenschaften), 12: 812. Type material<\/span>: Holotype m, “Fuerteventura Risco del Paso” [Spain: Canary Islands], La Roche Collection; paratypes mm, ff. Type species<\/span> of Microhoplitis<\/em> Tkalcu.-Synonymy in Zanden (1995: 428).<\/p>\n

Distribution-Northern Africa: <\/strong>E(Ca)<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Identification-<\/strong>Keys, Descriptions: <\/strong>M\u00fcller and Mauss (2016).<\/p>\n

Nesting biology-Nesting site:<\/strong> Preexisting cavities: snail shells of Theba geminata<\/em> with 1-2 brood cells per shell. The closed shells are neither transported nor turned nor buried into the ground. Nesting material: <\/strong>Cell partitions and nest plug, which is built inside the shell rather than at the shell opening, consist of chewed leaves (e.g. of Helianthemum canariense<\/em>) <\/em>densely mixed with sand grains. The shell surface is not plastered with patches of leaf pulp. (M\u00fcller and Mauss, 2016)<\/p>\n

Flower preferences:<\/strong> Polylectic; pollen sources recorded so far include – in descending order of importance – different species of Fabaceae (e.g. Astragalus hamosus<\/em>, Lotus glinoides<\/em>, L. lancerottensis<\/em>, Ononis natrix<\/em>), Reseda lancerotae<\/em> (Resedaceae), Frankenia laevis <\/em>(Frankeniaceae), Heliotropium erosum <\/em>(Boraginaceae), Helianthemum canariense<\/em> (Cistaceae) and Kickxia sagittata <\/em>(Plantaginaceae); interestingly, flowers of Asteraceae do not seem to be exploited for pollen (M\u00fcller and Mauss, 2016).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The subgenus Tkalcua Kocak & Kemal is confined to the Palaearctic region. It contains 4 species. Female of Hoplitis (Tkalcua) zandeni (Teunissen & van Achterberg, 1992) leaving her nest in an empty snail shell. Foto A. M\u00fcller. Species accounts Hoplitis (Tkalcua) emiratensis (M\u00fcller, 2016) 2016 Hoplitis (Tkalcua) emiratensis M\u00fcller in M\u00fcller and Mauss, Zootaxa, 4127: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1092,"featured_media":0,"parent":42,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-122","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1092"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=122"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/122\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/42"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ethz.ch\/osmiini\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}