Subgenus Annosmia
The subgenus Annosmia Warncke is confined to the Palaearctic region. It contains 30 species. About 8 species are still undescribed (A. Müller, unpublished).
Unusual host plants of osmiine bees: Trichodesma (Boraginaceae) (left) is the exclusive pollen host of Hoplitis (Annosmia) bassana (Warncke, 1991), Antirrhinum ramosissimum (right) and related species of the Antirrhineae are the exclusive pollen hosts of Hoplitis (Annosmia) speculum (Benoist, 1934) and Hoplitis (Annosmia) nisa (Warncke, 1991). Fotos A. Müller.
Species accounts
Hoplitis (Annosmia) aqabaensis (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) aqabaensis Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 326. Type material: Holotype m, “80 km NO Aqaba (Strasse nach Amman)” [Jordan], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, f.
Distribution-Northern Africa: TN. Southwestern Asia: JOR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Three pollen samples originating from Jordan and Tunisia consist of pollen of Echiochilon fruticosum (Boraginaceae) (A. Müller, unpublished). H. aqabaensis possesses many long bristles on the underside of the first labial palpus and the first third of the second labial palpus (A. Müller, unpublished). These bristles are most probably used to scrape pollen out of the narrow-tubed Echiochilon flowers.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) bassana (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) bassana Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 313. Type material: Holotype f, “70 km O Tata” [Morocco], OLML (Linz); paratypes m(m), f(f).
Distribution-Northern Africa: DZ, MA.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Probably oligolectic on Trichodesma (Boraginaceae) (A. Müller, unpublished, based on 11 pollen samples from 5 different localities and on field observations).
Hoplitis (Annosmia) cercomela (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) cercomela Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 314. Type material: Holotype f, “80 km NO Aqaba (Strasse nach Amman)” [Jordan], OLML (Linz); paratypes m, ff.
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: JOR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) christae (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) christae Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 487. Type material: Holotype f, “Giv’ot Loven/13 km S Paran in der Negev-Wüste” [Israel], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.
Distribution- Northern Africa: MA. Southwestern Asia: IL.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology-Nesting site: In excavated burrows in the ground. Nesting material: Unknown. (Warncke, 1991f)
Flower preferences: Probably oligolectic on Blepharis attenuata (Acanthaceae) and possibly other Acanthaceae species (C. Praz, C. Sedivy and A. Müller, unpublished, based on 14 pollen samples from 5 different localities and on field observations). Additional flower records: Fabaceae (Warncke, 1991f). The females possess a bunch of long and stiff bristles on the first two segments of their foretarsi (A. Müller, unpublished), which are involved in a highly specialized pollen-collecting behaviour (C. Praz and C. Sedivy, unpublished): while firmly sitting on the lower lip of the Blepharis attenuata flowers with their middle and hind legs, pollen-collecting females push the four introrse anthers with their head apart and remove the pollen from between the anthers with their specialized foreleg pilosity.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) chukar (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) chukar Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 316. Type material: Holotype m, “W Serpil in 1800 m/Mt. Cilo, Hakkari” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) elaziga (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) elaziga Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 320. Type material: Holotype m, “Elazig, 1300 m” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) eremophila (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) eremophila Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 317. Type material: Holotype f, “nördlich Mt. Gavaruk in 2900 m/Sat-Geb., Hakkari” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: SYR, TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown. The only pollen sample available so far consists of pollen of Fabaceae (A. Müller, unpublished).
Hoplitis (Annosmia) fulica (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) fulica Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 312. Type material: Holotype m (see Blank and Kraus, 1994: 735), “Erçis/Van, 1650 m” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown. The only pollen sample available so far consists of Fabaceae (A. Müller, unpublished).
Hoplitis (Annosmia) gentilis (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) gentilis Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 320. Type material: Holotype m, “Sille bei Konya” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratype f.
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown. The only pollen sample available so far consists of pollen of Astragalus (Fabaceae) (A. Müller, unpublished).
Hoplitis (Annosmia) hierichonica (Mavromoustakis, 1949)
1949 Osmia hierichonica Mavromoustakis, Eos (Madrid), 25: 291. Type material: Holotype f, “Jericho” [Palestine], DAAN (Nicosia); paratype m.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) hierichonica (Mavromoustakis) in Zanden (1988b: 118). Combination Osmia (Annosmia) hierichonica Mavromoustakis in Warncke (1991e: 315).
Distribution-Northern Africa: MA, TN. Southwestern Asia: IL, JOR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Mavromoustakis (1954b: 263); Warncke (1991e).
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Oligolectic on Echium (Boraginaceae) (A. Müller, unpublished, based on 24 pollen samples from 12 different localities and on field observations).
- subspecies hierichonica (Mavromoustakis, 1949)
1949 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: IL, JOR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
- subspecies wolfi (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) hierichonica wolfi Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 316. Type material: Holotype m, “30 km W Quarzazate” [Morocco], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.
1991 Hoplitis (Hoplitis) lefeberi Zanden, Reichenbachia (Dresden), 28: 169. Type material: Holotype m, “Maroc-Tizn., S. Ifni, 100 m” [Morocco], RMNH (Leiden); paratypes mm, ff.-New synonymy based on comparison of type specimens (A. Müller, unpublished).
Distribution-Northern Africa: MA, TN.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) idaensis (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) idaensis Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 317. Type material: Holotype m, “Ida-Geb. in 2100 m” [Greece: Crete], OLML (Linz); paratypes m, f.
Distribution-Europe: GR(Cr). Southwestern Asia: TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown. 2 pollen samples from the same locality contained pollen of Fabaceae (A. Müller, unpublished).
Hoplitis (Annosmia) kaszabi Tkalcu, 2000
2000 Hoplitis (Annosmia) kaszabi Tkalcu, Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae (Praha), 64: 318. Type material: Holotype m, “Central Aimak Ulan-Baator, Nucht im Bagdo ul, 1880 m” [Mongolia]; HNHM (Budapest); paratypes m, ff.
Distribution-Northern Asia: MGL.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) mutica (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) mutica Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 319. Type material: Holotype m, “Madensehir in 1300 m/Konya” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: IR, SYR, TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: The only two pollen samples available so far (from 2 different localities) contain pollen of Fabaceae (A. Müller, unpublished).
Hoplitis (Annosmia) peralba Zanden, 1992
1992 Hoplitis (Annosmia) peralba Zanden, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 24: 67. Type material: Holotype m, “Deesa” [India], RMNH (Leiden); paratype m.
Distribution-Northern Africa: ET. Extralimital: Oriental (India).
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: Female unknown.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) samarkanda (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) samarkanda Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 318. Type material: Holotype m, “Aman Kutan/35 km N Samarkand” [Uzbekistan], OLML (Linz); paratype m.
Distribution-Northern Asia: TJ, UZ.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: Female unknown.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) sordida (Benoist, 1929)
1929 Osmia sordida Benoist, Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 1929: 99. Type material: Holotype m, “Syrie: Jaffa” [Israel], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) sordida (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 60). Combination Osmia (Annosmia) sordida Benoist in Warncke (1991e: 322).
Distribution-Northern Africa: ET. Southwestern Asia: IL.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Warncke (1991e); Zanden (1985: 60).
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) tunica (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) tunica Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 323. Type material: Holotype m, “Nefta” [Tunisia], OLML (Linz); paratype m.
Distribution-Northern Africa: TN. Southwestern Asia: IL.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Females were observed to exclusively visit the flowers of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Boraginaceae) both in Israel and Tunisia (C. Praz, C. Sedivy and A. Müller, unpublished), suggesting that H. tunica is a Moltkiopsis oligolege. This assumption is supported by the observation that the males of H. tunica patrolled Moltkiopsis flowers in search of females.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) uncaticornis (Stanek, 1969)
1969 Osmia uncaticornis Stanek, Nachrichten des Naturwissenschaftlichen Museums der Stadt Aschaffenburg, 78: 11. Type material: Holotype m, “Mut” [Turkey], SMFD (Frankfurt).-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) uncaticornis (Stanek) in Zanden (1980: 230). Combination Osmia (Annosmia) uncaticornis Stanek in Warncke (1991e: 321).
Distribution-Europe: GR. Southwestern Asia: IR, SYR, TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Warncke (1991e); Zanden (1980: 230).
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Probably oligolectic on Fabaceae (A. Müller, unpublished, based on 16 pollen samples from 9 different localities). Flower records: Astragalus (Praz, Sedivy and Monfared, unpublished).
- subspecies cursoria (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) uncaticornis cursoria Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 321. Type material: Holotype m, “20 km SO Harran in 500 m/Urfa” [Turkey], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: SYR, TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
- subspecies uncaticornis (Stanek, 1969)
1969 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).
Distribution- Europe: GR. Southwestern Asia: TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
annulata group
Hoplitis (Annosmia) annulata (Latreille, 1811)
1811 Osmia annulata Latreille, Encyclopédie Méthodique, Histoire Naturelle, Insectes, vol. 8, p. 587. Type material: m(m) [Spain], presumed lost (Warncke, 1991e: 311). Type speciesof Annosmia Warncke.-Combination Hoplitis (Hoplitis) annulata (Latreille) in Zanden (1988b: 121). Combination Osmia (Annosmia) annulata Latreille in Warncke (1991e: 311).
1887 Osmia pruinosa Destefani, Il Naturalista Siciliano, 6: 112. Type material: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “Villa Favorita presso Palermo” [Italy: Sicily].-Synonymy with Osmia crenulata Morawitz in Friese (1911b: 134). Synonymy with Osmia annulata Latreille in Warncke (1991e: 311).
Distribution-Europe: ARM, AZ, BG, E, F, F(Co), GR, GR(Cr), HR, I, I(Sa), I(Si), P. Northern Africa: DZ, MA, TN. Southwestern Asia: CY, IL, IR, RL, SYR, TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Benoist (1931); Ducke (1900); Le Goff (2003a: 70); Mavromoustakis (1949: 292); Móczár (1958); Schmiedeknecht (1885-1886); Warncke (1991e).
Nesting biology-Nesting site: In excavated burrows in rather hard soil (2-8cm deep) with 1-4 cells at the end of the main burrow or of side burrows. Nesting material: The brood cells are excavated from the ground, smoothed and hardened on the inside, but not entirely built of mud. Cell partitions and nest plug are made of mud. The nest burrow sometimes circumvents obstacles such as small stones. The nest entrance is hardened and little narrowed, often hidden near a plant base or under a stone. (Ferton, 1892; Le Goff, 2010; Mavromoustakis, 1957b)
Flower preferences: Oligolectic on Echium (Boraginaceae) (A. Müller, unpublished, based on 49 pollen samples from 21 different localities and field observations).
- subspecies annulata (Latreille, 1811)
1811 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).
Distribution-Europe: E, F, I(Si), P. Northern Africa: DZ, MA, TN.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Le Goff (2010).
- subspecies corsaria (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) annulata corsaria Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 311. Type material: Holotype m, “Ajaccio” [France: Corsica], OLML (Linz).
Distribution-Europe: F(Co).
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Le Goff (2010).
- subspecies crenulata (Morawitz, 1871)
1871 Osmia crenulata Morawitz, Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae (St. Petersburg), 8: 208 [not Heriades crenulatus Nylander, 1856]. Type material: Syntypes m(m), f(f), “Creta” [Greece: Crete], “Epirus, Corfu” [Greece], Corsica” [France: Corsica].-Combination Osmia (Ctenosmia) crenulata Morawitz in Schmiedeknecht (1885: 21 [887]). Combination Hoplitis (Hoplitis) crenulata (Morawitz) in Tkalcu (1975a: 179).
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) annulata cretica Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 312. NOMEN NOVUM with same type specimen for preoccupied Osmia crenulata Morawitz, 1871 [not Heriades crenulatus Nylander, 1856].
Distribution-Europe: ARM, AZ, BG, GR, GR(Cr), HR, I, I(Sa)?, I(Si)?. Southwestern Asia: CY, IL, IR, RL, SYR, TR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Le Goff (2010); Warncke (1991e); Zanden (1991c: 169-171).
Hoplitis (Annosmia) israelica (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) annulata israelica Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 312. Type material: Holotype m, “Naharia” [Israel], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, f.-Combination Hoplitis (Annosmia) israelica (Warncke) in Zanden (1996b: 885).
Distribution-Northern Africa: MA. Southwestern Asia: IL, IR, JOR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Probably oligolectic on Echium (Boraginaceae) (A. Müller, unpublished, based on 10 pollen samples from 7 different localities).
ochruros group
Hoplitis (Annosmia) gusenleitneri (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) gusenleitneri Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 323. Type material: Holotype f, “Oukaimeden in 2600-2800 m” [Morocco], OLML (Linz).
Distribution-Northern Africa: MA.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: Male unknown.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) ochruros (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) ochruros Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 322. Type material: Holotype f, “20 km SO Erfoud” [Morocco], OLML (Linz); paratypes m(m), f(f).
Distribution-Northern Africa: DZ, MA, TN.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Possibly mesolectic on Antirrhineae and Fabaceae (A. Müller, unpublished, based on 33 pollen samples from 9 different localities).
- subspecies crecca (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) ochruros crecca Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 323. Type material: Holotype f, “20 km N Sfax” [Tunisia], OLML (Linz).
Distribution-Northern Africa: TN.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known. Note: Male unknown.
- subspecies ochruros (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).
Distribution-Northern Africa: DZ, MA.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) verhoeffi (Mavromoustakis, 1954)
1954 Osmia verhoeffi Mavromoustakis, Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel, 4: 265. Type material: Holotype f, “Bat Yam” [Israel], DAAN (Nicosia); paratypes mm, ff.-Combination Osmia (Annosmia) verhoeffi Mavromoustakis in Warncke (1991e: 321).
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: IL, JOR.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Warncke (1991e).
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown. The two pollen samples available so far (from two different localities) consist of pollen of Fabaceae (A. Müller, unpublished).
speculum group
Hoplitis (Annosmia) leiocephala (Mavromoustakis, 1954)
1954 Osmia leiocephala Mavromoustakis, Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel, 4: 263. Type material: Holotype f, “15 km south of Kurnub” [Israel], DAAN (Nicosia); paratypes mm, ff.-Combination Anthocopa (Anthocopa) leiocephala (Mavromoustakis) in Zanden (1988b: 118). Combination Osmia (Annosmia) leiocephala Mavromoustakis in Warncke (1991e: 329).
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: IL.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Warncke (1991e).
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Possibly oligolectic on Antirrhineae (A. Müller, unpublished, based on 5 pollen samples from 3 different localities). Flower record: Kickxia (C. Praz and C. Sedivy, personal observation).
Hoplitis (Annosmia) nisa (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) nisa Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 329. Type material: Holotype f, “10 km SW Akka” [Morocco], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.
1991 Hoplitis (Hoplitis) speculumoides Zanden, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 350. Type material: Holotype m, “Erfoud, Tafilalet” [Morocco], RMNH (Leiden); paratypes mm, ff.-Synonymy in Warncke (1991g: 568).
Distribution-Northern Africa: DZ, MA, TN.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Oligolectic on Antirrhineae (e.g., Antirrhinum, Kickxia, Linaria) (A. Müller, unpublished, based on 22 pollen samples from 13 different localities and on field observations). The median area of the female clypeus of H. nisa is bare and conspicuously bent. This peculiar clypeal form, which is confined to the female sex and also occurs in the females of H. speculum, a putative oligolege of Antirrhineae as well, might help in extracting pollen from the closed host flowers in a still unknown way.
Hoplitis (Annosmia) parana (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) parana Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 328. Type material: Holotype f, “Giv ot Loven/13 km S Paran” [Israel], OLML (Linz); paratypes m(m), f(f).
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: IL.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Unknown. The few pollen samples available so far consist of pollen of Fabaceae and possibly Antirrhineae (A. Müller, unpublished, based on 5 pollen samples from 4 different localities). Flower record: Crotalaria (Fabaceae) (label record).
Hoplitis (Annosmia) segura (Warncke, 1991)
1991 Osmia (Annosmia) segura Warncke, Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 23: 327. Type material: Holotype f, “Wadi Segur/40 km NW Eilat” [Israel], OLML (Linz); paratypes mm, ff.
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: IL.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology: Unknown.
Flower preferences: Polylectic; pollen sources include Echium (Boraginaceae), Fabaceae and Antirrhineae (A. Müller, unpublished, based on 24 pollen samples from 6 different localities).
Hoplitis (Annosmia) speculum (Benoist, 1934)
1934 Osmia speculum Benoist, Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 39: 106. Type material: Holotype f, “Ghardaia” [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Hoplitis (Hoplitis) speculum (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 62). Combination Osmia (Annosmia) speculum Benoist in Warncke (1991e: 328).
1934 Osmia pseudo-speculum Benoist, Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 39: 107. Type material: Holotype f, “entre Mogador et Agadir” [Morocco], MNHN (Paris).-Synonymy in Zanden (1985: 65).
Distribution-Northern Africa: DZ, MA.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Mavromoustakis (1949: 293, 1954b: 265); Warncke (1991e); Zanden (1985: 62, 65, 1991b: 350-351).
Nesting biology-Nesting site: In excavated burrow in rather hard soil. Nesting material: Unknown. (A. Müller, personal observation)
Flower preferences: Probably oligolectic on Antirrhineae (e.g., Antirrhinum, Kickxia, Linaria) (A. Müller, unpublished, based on 15 pollen samples from 10 different localities and on field observations). The median area of the female clypeus of H. speculum is bare and conspicuously bent. This peculiar clypeal form, which is confined to the female sex and also occurs in the females of H. nisa, a putative oligolege of Antirrhineae as well, might help in extracting pollen from the closed host flowers in a still unknown way.
zonalis group
Hoplitis (Annosmia) tkalcuella Le Goff, 2003
2003 Hoplitis (Annosmia) tkalcuella Le Goff, Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 108: 67. Type material: Holotype m, “Guardamar del Segura (Alicante)” [Spain], Le Goff Collection (Barentin); paratypes mm, ff.
Distribution-Europe: E.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.
Nesting biology-Nesting site: In excavated burrows in rather hard soil. Entrance burrow ramifies after a length of ca. 1cm into four branches, each containing 1-3 linearly arranged cells separated from each other by a layer of mud. Nesting material: Cell partitions and nest plug made of mud. (Le Goff, 2003c, 2010)
Flower preferences: Oligolectic on Echium (Boraginaceae) (Le Goff, 2003c; A. Müller, unpublished, based on 7 pollen samples from the same locality).
Hoplitis (Annosmia) zonalis (Pérez, 1895)
1895 Osmia zonalis Pérez, Espèces nouvelles de mellifères de Barbarie, p. 14. Type material: f(f) [Algeria], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Osmia (Osmia) zonalis Pérez in Friese (1911b: 97). Combination Hoplitis (Hoplitis) zonalis (Pérez) in Zanden (1988b: 122). Combination Osmia (Annosmia) zonalis Pérez in Warncke (1991e: 325).
1902 Osmia undulata Pérez, Procès-verbaux de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux, 57: 66. Type material: m(m), “Foum-Tatahouin” [Tunisia], MNHN (Paris).-Combination Hoplitis (Hoplitis) undulata (Pérez) in Zanden (1988b: 122).-Synonymy in Warncke (1991e: 325).
1929 Osmia taprurensis Benoist, Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 1929: 98. Type material: Lectotype m, by designation of Zanden (1985: 57), “Sfax” [Tunisia], MNHN (Paris); paralectotypes mm.-Combination Hoplitis (Hoplitis) taprurensis (Benoist) in Zanden (1985: 58).-Synonymy in Warncke (1991e: 325).
Distribution-Northern Africa: DZ, MA, TN. Southwestern Asia: IL.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Mavromoustakis (1949: 292-293, 1954b: 262-263, as Osmia sordida); Warncke (1991e); Zanden (1985: 58-59).
Nesting biology-Nesting site: Excavated vertical burrows in horizontal to slightly slanting, hard-packed sandy soil. One nest contained a still open brood cell at the end of a ca. 3cm long burrow, while a second nest contained two closed brood cells at the end of the ca. 4cm long main burrow and at the end of a very short lateral burrow, respectively. Nesting material:The brood cells are excavated from the ground, smoothed and hardened on the inside, but not entirely built of mud. Cell partitions are made of mud. (Mavromoustakis, 1954b; C. Praz and C. Sedivy, personal observation)
Flower preferences: Oligolectic on Echium (Boraginaceae) (Mavromoustakis, 1954b; A. Müller, unpublished, based on 24 pollen samples from 15 different localities).
- subspecies bodenheimeri (Mavromoustakis, 1949)
1949 Osmia bodenheimeri Mavromoustakis, Eos (Madrid), 25: 289. Type material: Holotype f, “Pardes Hannah” [Israel], DAAN (Nicosia); paratype m.-Synonymy with Osmia sordida Benoist in Mavromoustakis (1954b: 262), rejected by Warncke (1991e: 326).-Combination Osmia (Annosmia) zonalis bodenheimeri Mavromoustakis in Warncke (1991e: 325).
Distribution-Southwestern Asia: IL.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: Warncke (1991e).
- subspecies zonalis (Pérez, 1895)
1895 Automatically established nominotypical subspecific taxon (original description and type specimen are identical with those of the species rank taxon of the same name above).
Distribution-Northern Africa: DZ, MA, TN.
Identification-Keys, Descriptions: No supplementary or more detailed morphological description known.